Browsing by Fecha, starting with "2017"

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Lactancia materna: Clave para el desarrollo sostenible
(2017) Milagro Raffo Neyra
Improvements in failure detection of DAMADICS control valve using neural networks
(2017) José Miguel Sánchez Aquino; Bustos Gaibor Samuel; Reyes B. Arístides; Rafael V. Guillermo
This paper shows the results on the detection and isolation of failures in the DAMADICS control valve. The mathematical model extracted for the valve was identified as a first order ARX. The blocking, sedimentation and erosion failures were selected in order to perform the experimentation. With the goal to identify and isolate faults on the valve, a fault Detector was designed by parametric estimation of the model, which allowed to determine the values of the parameters “a” and “b”, and their behavior associated with the failures. As result of this procedure, we found that those parameters affect the gain from the valve. Furthermore, we noticed that this conventional Detector presents problems in the threshold regions of each failure. For solving that problem, a radialbased artificial neural network was added as a complement to the conventional Detector by parameter identification, which allowed us the correction of the error in the thresholds. The proposed Detector that includes the neural network showed better performance detecting and isolating failures.
ANALYSIS OF PROFESSORS’ EVALUATION AT LA SALLE UNIVERSITY MÉXICO FROM 2010 TO 2016: WHAT THE RESULTS INDICATE?
(Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 2017) Martin Flégl; María Bertha Fortoul Ollivier; V Svec; Jennie Brand Barajas; Christian Vizuet
La Salle University México (La Salle) uses an internal system of professors’ evaluation, which main purpose is to evaluate professors’ performance and secure high quality of teaching at all of its faculties. Since its inception in 2010, La Salle has obtained 517,635 individual evaluations of 45,346 courses. However, no additional analysis of the obtained results has ever been done. This article provides introductory analysis of the accumulated results at faculty level. The main objective is to analyze whether there are differences between faculties regarding the evaluation. Although the results are highly skewed towards the maximal evaluation at all faculties, there are statistically significant differences. The next important task is to investigate what factors influence the evaluation. Moreover, as this is the introductory analysis, the article concludes with possible future steps that should be consider regarding eventual structural changes in the evaluation system.
Turismo patrimonial, identidad y desarrollo en el Perú
(2017) Alexander Herrera
Los vínculos entre la arqueología, la industria del turismo y los procesos identitarios se discuten, en este trabajo, en los contextos gemelos del desarrollo económico y social en el Perú. Se enfatiza el papel de los arqueólogos en el proceso de patrimonialización y se muestra cómo este papel trasciende la generación de narrativas acerca del pasado. El artículo identifica el lugar de lo indígena en la mitología nacional como un legado histórico que dificulta las interacciones entre arqueólogos y poblaciones campesinas. Las políticas enfocadas en la gestión de los restos materiales del pasado precolonial para el turismo tienden a cosificar pasados enajenados. Los incipientes intentos por atizar esta industria utilizando los restos arqueológicos que bordean la laguna de Keushu (Yungay) y aquellos en la cabecera del Llullán (Awkismarka o Pueblo Viejo de Huandoy) son indicadores de los peligros y posibilidades de una práctica arqueológica con principios éticos que permita desarrollar estrategias comunitarias en la sierra de Ancash.
Suma Qamaña, Poppycock, and wasted time
(Routledge, 2017) Pedro Portugal Mollinedo
It is instructive to write about Suma Qamana today, with a margin of distance to ascertain the value of the concept as ‘indigenous ideology’ and government policy. Critical analysis was difficult y...
Capacidad biocontroladora de Beauveria brongniartii (Sacc.) y Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) en el control de pulgones Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
(Selva Andina Research Society, 2017) René Leopoldo Rojas-Gutiérrez; Manuel Gregorio Loza-Murguia; Lourdes Vino-Nina; Teófilo Serrano-Canaviri
Con el inters de desarrollar tecnologas alternativas en el control de pulgones (Macrosiphum euporviae), se evalu la capacidad biocontroladora de los hongos entomopatgenos Beauveria brongniartii y Metarhizium anisopliae. Par el estudio se colect hongos nativos de 3 partes del altiplano central (Achacachi, Viacha y Patacamaya), se aislaron de insectos momificados y purificaron en laboratorio, los aislados dieron como resultado hongos pertenecientes al gnero Beauveria sp., y Metarhizium sp. De estos aislados se sac su concentracin inicial y todos fueron ajustados a la mnima concentracin presentada en uno de los aislados que fue de 9.5 x 10 conidios/mL con estas concentraciones se realiz la prueba de virulencia durante 144 h, los aislados 2BbVch, 1BbAch, 1MtAch y 3BbPtm produjeron ms del 50% de mortalidad, indicando que los aislados del genero Beauveria resultaron ser mejores. Con los aislados que demostraron mejor mortalidad se los someti a una segunda prueba de la determinacin del tiempo letal 50 y 80 (Tl50), (Tl80) en donde el aislado 2BbVch demostr un menor tiempo en controlar el 50 y 80% de afidos con 78.1 y 123.8 h respectivamente. Se determin la concentracin letal 50 y 80 (Cl50), (Cl80), en donde se pudo verificar que el aislado 2BbVch y 1BbAch requieren concentraciones mnimas de 2.5x10 y 5.1x10 conidias/mL, para controlar el 50% de pulgones y a una concentracin de 1.3x10 y 1.8x10 conidias/mL para controlar 80% de pulgones.
Infección por zika en el Perú: de amenaza a problema de salud
(Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología, 2017) Daniel Aspilcueta-Gho; Carlos Villafañe; Martín Sánchez; José Gilmer Calderón Yberico
El virus zika es un flavivirus transmitido por mosquitos que ha emergido como una amenaza significativa en la región de las Américas, especialmente para la gestante. Recientes brotes en América Central y del Sur se han asociado con un incremento en la incidencia de microcefalia y otras anomalías del sistema nervioso central en recién nacidos. Existe un vínculo causal entre la infección por zika durante el embarazo, con microcefalia y otros trastornos neurológicos. La región se enfrenta a una probable epidemia de magnitud con potenciales consecuencias en gestantes y recién nacidos. Se revisa la epidemiología del virus zika, su amenaza al embarazo, consecuencias clínicas y su impacto en la salud pública. Existe una serie de características de los mecanismos de infección, difusión que da sustento a intervenciones preventivas, diagnóstico y manejo de la enfermedad. Es importante intensificar su vigilancia epidemiológica, trabajar en la prevención y una adecuada respuesta de manejo a gestantes con diagnóstico presuntivo o con infección por virus zika. Está demostrada su presencia en varias regiones del Perú; a diciembre 2016 se ha confirmado 61 gestantes, en particular en Jaén, Cajamarca con 36 casos. Se ha comunicado el nacimiento de 38 neonatos; de ellos, 32 recién nacidos corresponden a Jaén. Estos neonatos al nacer no han presentado microcefalia ni otras complicaciones. Frente a la comprensible preocupación entre la población en general acerca del zika y su riesgo sobre la gestante y el feto, se deben asegurar estrategias de vigilancia epidemiológica y control para zika. Estas acciones deben incluir una adecuada preparación preconcepcional, trabajo en control vectorial, control de la gestante y coordinación entre el sistema de salud y la población, a fin de reducir los riesgos, asegurando adecuada protección a la mujer, a la gestante y al feto.
Los trabajadores autónomos dependientes en Europa
(CIRIEC España, 2017) Virginia Navajas-Romero; Ma del Carmen López-Martín; Antonio Ariza‐Montes
En los últimos años se han producido cambios rápidos y profundos en la organización del trabajo y el contenido del trabajo, lo que ha contribuido a la aparición de los trabajadores autónomos dependientes, que realizan una nueva forma de trabajo que se encuentra dentro de una "zona gris" entre el trabajo por cuenta ajena y el autoempleo. El concepto de trabajadores autónomos dependientes también se ha utilizado para referirse a diferentes situaciones y, aunque la terminología empleada varía, se trata de una realidad conocida en toda Europa aunque existe poca evidencia empírica sobre sus características. En este trabajo se estudian las principales características de los trabajadores dependientes por cuenta propia comparando su perfil con los empleados por cuenta ajena y los trabajadores por cuenta propia “tradicionales”. Además, se analizan las condiciones de trabajo de los tres grupos para mostrar las diferencias entre ellos. Los datos utilizados se han obtenido a partir de la V Encuesta Europea de Condiciones de Trabajo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que existe un tronco común en cuanto a los factores que discriminan a los autónomos de los asalariados, pero que existen algunos matices que diferencian y definen a cada grupo de autónomos con respecto a los empleados por cuenta ajena.
Evaluation of copper content in beers obtained from retail in Sweden
(Academic Journals, 2017) Daniel E. Osorio-Macías; Mauricio Peñarrieta J.; Lars Nilsson
A quantitative study of copper (Cu) content in 19 different beer brands produced in mainly European countries and consumed in Sweden were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer without sample digestion. Results showed that the Cu content in beers is below the permissible levels concentrations for potable drinking water recommended by World Health Organization. In addition, the studies indicated that there is no correlation between the amount of Cu content in beers and their respective hops Cu content.   Key words: Atomic absorption, beer, copper, hops.
Aproximación a la Naturaleza Jurídica del Derecho Real de Conservación en Chile
(2017) Tisné Niemann; Jorge Bertrand
Law N° 20.930, which establishes the in rem right of conservation, was published in the Chilean Official Journal on June of 2016. Its objective is to entitle a person to preserve the environmental heritage, characteristics or functions of a territory. Notwithstanding the relevance and novelty of this law, there are few academic studies that examine it. Therefore, this article explores the Chilean legal techniques to preserve the environment, describes and analyzes Law N° 20.930, approaches the relation between this new right and the easements regulated in the Chilean Civil Code and, finally, offers a propose about the legal nature of the right of conservation.
Macroeconomía y conciliación familiar: el impacto económico de los jardines infantiles
(2017) María José Bosch; Carlos Torres; Marta Manriquez; Gabriel A. Valenzuela
Chile es un caso paradójico en su cometido económico en las últimas décadas, si bien ha sido un país que implementó importantes reformas modernizadoras en los últimos cuarenta años, su desempeño en el mercado laboral es dispar. En efecto, se han obtenido importantes logros en términos de crecimiento, apertura comercial, modernización de la banca privada y del Estado, reducción de la pobreza, reformas en los sectores sociales, control de la inflación, etc. Continuar leyendo...
Outliers in Semi-Parametric Estimation of Treatment Effects
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2017) Darwin Ugarte Ontiveros; Gustavo Canavire‐Bacarreza; Luis Castro Peñarrieta
Reacting to the Lucas Critique: The Keynesians' Pragmatic Replies
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2017) Aurélien Goutsmedt; Erich Pinzón-Fuchs; Matthieu Renault; Francesco Sergi
The Beatles, the Beatles Generation, and the End of the Cold War
(Suffolk University, 2017) Vessela Misheva
An effort to rationalize history brought the Western world to perceive the “velvet,”“bloodless” revolutions that swept Eastern Europe as arising from the fact that people there had become painfully aware of the conditions in which they lived and the shortcomings of the system they had built. The author of this article argues instead that it was those young East Europeans who early in childhood failed to fall in love with the social system in large numbers who, when they finally came of age, put an end to the Cold War, and not because they were dissatisfied with the economic conditions, but because they wanted to put an end to the world’s East-West division. But how could people with “different” minds grow up inside the communist system, and how could they miss going through the standard process of communist socialization? To answer these questions, the author explores the hypothesis that Beatlemania, along with The Beatles themselves, may have contributed in a significant way to the collapse of the communist regimes in Eastern Europe.
Software para la enseeanza de hidrrulica de tuberras (Pipeline Hydraulics Academic Software)
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2017) Juan Saldarriaga; Laura Pulgarín; Paula Cuero; Natalia Duque
TNF signaling and macrophages govern fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae
(Springer Nature, 2017) Mai Nguyen‐Chi; Béryl Laplace-Builhe; Jana Trávníčková; Patricia Luz‐Crawford; Gautier Téjédor; Georges Lutfalla; Karima Kissa; Christian Jørgensen; Farida Djouad
Natural Selection on Genes Related to Cardiovascular Health in High-Altitude Adapted Andeans
(Elsevier BV, 2017) Jacob E. Crawford; Ricardo Amaru; Jihyun Song; Colleen G. Julian; Fernando Racimo; Jade Yu Cheng; Xiuqing Guo; Jie Yao; Bharath Ambale‐Venkatesh; João A.C. Lima
Leveraging Software-Defined Networking for Incident Response in Industrial Control Systems
(IEEE Computer Society, 2017) Andrés Felipe Murillo Piedrahita; Vikram Gaur; Jairo Giraldo; Álvaro A. Cárdenas; Sandra Rueda
In the past decade, the security of industrial control systems has emerged as a research priority in order to safeguard our critical infrastructures. A large number of research efforts have focused on intrusion detection in industrial networks; however, few of them discuss what to do after an intrusion has been detected. Because the safety of most of these control systems is time sensitive, we need new research on automatic incident response. This article shows how software-defined networks and network function virtualization can facilitate automatic incident response to a variety of attacks against industrial networks. It also presents a prototype of an incident-response solution that detects and responds automatically to sensor attacks and controller attacks. This work shows the promise that cloud-enabled software-defined networks and virtual infrastructures hold as a way to provide novel defense-in-depth solutions for industrial systems. This article is part of a special issue on Software Safety and Security Risk Mitigation in Cyber-physical Systems.
Review on resistance to wheat blast disease (Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum) from the breeder point-of-view: use of the experience on resistance to rice blast disease
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2017) Michel Vales; T. Anzoátegui; B. Huallpa; M. I. Cazon
The Brazilian freshwater wetscape: Changes in tree community diversity and composition on climatic and geographic gradients
(Public Library of Science, 2017) Florian Wittmann; Márcia C. M. Marques; Geraldo Alves Damasceno‐Júnior; Jean Carlos Budke; María Teresa Fernández Piedade; Astrid de Oliveira Wittmann; Juan Carlos Montero; Rafael L. Assis; Natália Targhetta; Pia Parolin
Wetlands harbor an important compliment of regional plant diversity, but in many regions data on wetland diversity and composition is still lacking, thus hindering our understanding of the processes that control it. While patterns of broad-scale terrestrial diversity and composition typically correlate with contemporary climate it is not clear to what extent patterns in wetlands are complimentary, or conflicting. To elucidate this, we consolidate data from wetland forest inventories in Brazil and examine patterns of diversity and composition along temperature and rainfall gradients spanning five biomes. We collated 196 floristic inventories covering an area >220 ha and including >260,000 woody individuals. We detected a total of 2,453 tree species, with the Amazon alone accounting for nearly half. Compositional patterns indicated differences in freshwater wetland floras among Brazilian biomes, although biomes with drier, more seasonal climates tended to have a larger proportion of more widely distributed species. Maximal alpha diversity increased with annual temperature, rainfall, and decreasing seasonality, patterns broadly consistent with upland vegetation communities. However, alpha diversity-climate relationships were only revealed at higher diversity values associated with the uppermost quantiles, and in most sites diversity varied irrespective of climate. Likewise, mean biome-level differences in alpha-diversity were unexpectedly modest, even in comparisons of savanna-area wetlands to those of nearby forested regions. We describe attenuated wetland climate-diversity relationships as a shifting balance of local and regional effects on species recruitment. Locally, excessive waterlogging strongly filters species able to colonize from regional pools. On the other hand, increased water availability can accommodate a rich community of drought-sensitive immigrant species that are able to track buffered wetland microclimates. We argue that environmental conditions in many wetlands are not homogeneous with respect to regional climate, and that responses of wetland tree communities to future climate change may lag behind that of non-wetland, terrestrial habitat.