Browsing by Tema "16S ribosomal RNA"

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    16S rRNA Gene Diversity in Ancient Gray and Pink Salt from San Simón Salt Mines in Tarija, Bolivia
    (American Society for Microbiology, 2020) Wolf T. Pecher; Fabiana Lilian Martínez; Priya DasSarma; Daniel Guzmán; Shiladitya DasSarma
    DNA from 250 million-year-old pink and gray salts from mines in Tarija, Bolivia, subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and analysis provided evidence for similar but distinct prokaryotic communities. The results constitute a snapshot of archaeal and bacterial microorganisms in these remote and ancient salt deposits.
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    16S rRNA Gene Diversity in the Salt Crust of Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia, the World’s Largest Salt Flat
    (American Society for Microbiology, 2020) Wolf T. Pecher; Fabiana Lilian Martínez; Priya DasSarma; Daniel Guzmán; Shiladitya DasSarma
    Salar de Uyuni is a vast, high-altitude salt flat in Bolivia with extreme physico-geochemical properties approaching multiple limits of life. Evidence for diverse halophilic bacteria and archaea was found in its surface and near-surface salt crust using 16S amplicon analysis, providing a snapshot of prokaryotic life.
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    A toxaphene-degrading bacterium related to Enterobacter cloacae, strain D1 isolated from aged contaminated soil in Nicaragua
    (Elsevier BV, 2005) Martha Lacayo-Romero; Jorge Quillaguamán; Bert van Bavel; Bo Mattìasson
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    Bacillus bogoriensis sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic, halotolerant bacterium isolated from a Kenyan soda lake
    (Microbiology Society, 2005) Virginia A. Vargas; Osvaldo D. Delgado; Rajni Hatti‐Kaul; Bo Mattìasson
    Strain LBB3(T) isolated from Bogoria soda lake in Kenya is an alkaliphilic, Gram-positive, strictly aerobic, non-motile, spore-forming bacterium. It was identified as a member of the genus Bacillus on the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses. The organism grows optimally at 37 degrees C and pH 10. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 37.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed 95 and 96 % sequence similarity with Bacillus pseudofirmus (DSM 8715(T)) and Bacillus alcalophilus (DSM 485(T)), respectively. Furthermore, DNA-DNA hybridization against these two Bacillus species showed 39.0 and 55.5 % similarity, respectively. Based on our observations, strain LBB3(T) is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus bogoriensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of B. bogoriensis is LBB3(T) (=ATCC BAA-922(T)=LMG 22234(T)).
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    Bacterial signatures of anthropogenic pressures in a high-mountain river: a One Health study using full-length 16S profiling
    (2026) Sindy P. Buitrago; Diego Garzón-Ospina; Laura Sophia Largo-Latorre; Laura Jimena Hernandez-Zambrano; Adriana Espinosa
    <title>Abstract</title> Anthropogenic pressures can reshape riverine microbiomes, with implications for water quality and One Health surveillance. Here, we profiled the bacterial composition, diversity, and 16S-based predicted functional potential across five sites along an anthropogenic pressure gradient in a high-mountain Andean system (Chicamocha River, Boyacá, Colombia), influenced by wastewater discharge, thermoelectric cooling, and agro-livestock and municipal activities. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing (PacBio HiFi) generated 737,344 high-quality reads and 5,036 Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASVs). Community composition differed significantly among sites, characterized by high β-diversity and a notable association between ammonium levels and community structure. The phyla <italic>Pseudomonadota</italic> and <italic>Bacteroidota</italic> dominated most sites, whereas the wastewater outfall was enriched in phyla <italic>Bacillota</italic> and <italic>Campylobacterota</italic> (genus <italic>Arcobacter</italic> ). The cooling pond site showed enrichment of genus <italic>Sphingorhabdus</italic> , genus <italic>Flavobacterium</italic> was most abundant at agro-livestock influenced sites, and the genera <italic>Limnohabitans/Polynucleobacter</italic> dominated downstream oxygen-rich, low-nutrient reaches. 16S-based functional inference suggested site-specific metabolic profiles; the wastewater treatment plant outfall showed higher predicted representation of pathways associated with aromatic/heterocyclic compound degradation and predicted functional categories linked to motility, membrane transport, and antimicrobial resistance, whereas downstream sites showed predicted enrichment of xenobiotic-biodegradation pathways. Together, these data provide a high-resolution baseline for an under-sampled high-mountain urban river and support the utility of full-length 16S rRNA profiling for molecular surveillance to inform effluent management.
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    Bioprospecting in potato fields in the Central Andean Highlands: Screening of rhizobacteria for plant growth-promoting properties
    (Elsevier BV, 2013) Jonas Ghyselinck; Siva L. S. Velivelli; Kim Heylen; Eileen O’Herlihy; Javier Franco; Mercy Rojas; Paul de Vos; Barbara Doyle Prestwich
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    ‘Brotes grandes’ (big bud) of potato: a new disease associated with a 16SrI‐B subgroup phytoplasma in Bolivia
    (Wiley, 2005) P. Jones; Y. Arocha; O. Antesana; E. Montellano; P. Franco
    Potatoes are the main crop of smallholder farmers in the Valles Cruceños, Santa Cruz Province, Bolivia. During surveys carried out from 2000 to 2003, a disease locally known as ‘brotes grandes’ (BG, ‘big bud’), was prevalent on crops in the valleys of Chilon, Saipina, Pulquina and Comarapa, where up to 90% of plants were affected in some fields. Symptoms included tuber-like growths in leaf axils, varying in size and colour from red to purple or black and bearing terminal, adventitious leaves. Tubers often produced hair-like shoots, reducing their quality and yield. Previously, this syndrome was presumed to be rhizoctoniosis, caused by basal stem infection by Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph, Thanatephorus cucumeris). However, R. solani was absent from all diseased plants examined in the present study. As other potato diseases similar to BG have been attributed to phytoplasmas in Australia (Harding & Teakle, 1993), Poland (Hamilton, 2000), Canada (Khadhair et al., 2003) and Mexico (Martínez-Soriano et al., 1999), tissues from Bolivian plants were indexed by nested PCR (nPCR) using phytoplasma universal rRNA primer pairs P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2. nPCR products resulting from 43/50 BG samples and digested separately with HaeIII, RsaI or AluI endonuclease all produced identical RFLP profiles. RFLP profiles of nPCR products amplified from three samples of the mora-mora vine (Serjania perulacea) with little-leaf symptoms in hedgerows surrounding potato fields in La Tranca, Santa Cruz Province, were indistinguishable from BG profiles. 16S rDNA sequences derived from PCR products shared 99% sequence homology among BG phytoplasmas. Sequences from the phytoplasmas obtained from potato (accession no. AY725209) and from S. perulacea (accession no. AY725210) were each very similar (98%) to that of ash witches’ broom phytoplasma (accession no. AY568302). This is the first report of a phytoplasma of the aster yellows (16SrI) group associated with a potato disease in Bolivia. Work in the UK was done under Defra plant health licence no. PHL 174B/4612(09/20003).
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    Chromohalobacter sarecensis sp. nov., a psychrotolerant moderate halophile isolated from the saline Andean region of Bolivia
    (Microbiology Society, 2004) Jorge Quillaguamán; Osvaldo D. Delgado; Bo Mattìasson; Rajni Hatti‐Kaul
    A moderately halophilic, aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium (strain LV4(T)) was isolated from saline soil around the lake Laguna Verde in the Bolivian Andes. The organism is a heterotroph, able to utilize various carbohydrates as a carbon source. It showed tryptophan deaminase, oxidase and catalase activity, but was unable to produce indole or H(2)S; nitrate was not reduced. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 56.1 mol%. The pH range for growth was 5-10, temperature range was 0-45 degrees C and the range of NaCl concentrations was 0-25 % (w/v). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain LV4(T) was found to be closely related to Chromohalobacter canadensis DSM 6769(T) and Pseudomonas beijerinckii DSM 7218(T); however, its DNA-DNA relatedness with these type strains was low. Strain LV4(T) resembled other Chromohalobacter species with respect to various physiological, biochemical and nutritional characteristics but also exhibited differences. Thus, a novel species, Chromohalobacter sarecensis sp. nov., is proposed, with LV4(T) (=CCUG 47987(T)=ATCC BAA-761(T)) as the type strain.
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    Comparing the Potential for Identification of Lactobacillus spp. of 16S rDNA Variable Regions
    (Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2013) Diego Mauricio Riaño‐Pachón; María Consuelo Vanegas López; Laura Natalia González-García
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    First report of a ‘ <i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma asteris’ isolate associated with a witches’ broom disease of alfalfa in Bolivia
    (Wiley, 2005) Peter Jones; Y. Arocha; G. Plata
    During a survey in 2003, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants showing typical phytoplasma witches’ broom and little leaf symptoms were collected from fields in Limon Pampa, Rio Chico, Bolivia. Samples were evaluated by nested PCR using 16S rDNA primers P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2. PCR products of ≈1250 bp, and identical RFLP profiles following digestion with the restriction endonucleases HaeIII, RsaI and AluI were produced for all samples. PCR products were purified and directly sequenced, and the sequence deposited in GenBank (accession no. AY 725211). The sequence was compared with those of other phytoplasmas in GenBank using the blast protocol, and had the highest similarity (98%) with the phytoplasma from ash witches’ broom disease (GenBank accession no. AY568302), a member of the 16SrI aster yellows group (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’) (Firrao et al., 2004). Alfalfa witches’ broom diseases caused by phytoplasmas have been reported from Canada (‘Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii’, Khadhair & Hiruki, 1995; Firrao et al., 2004); Italy (‘Ca. Phytoplasma phoenecium’, Marcone et al., 1997; Firrao et al., 2004); and Oman (‘Ca. Phytoplasma aurantifolia’, Khan et al., 2001; Firrao et al., 2004). This is the first record of alfalfa witches’ broom disease in Bolivia, and the first report of an isolate of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma asteris’ infecting alfalfa. This work was supported by the Department for International Development (UK) through the Global Plant Clinic. Work in the UK was done under Defra plant health licence no. 174B/4612(09/2003). Y. Arocha thanks the Royal Society (UK) for financial support.
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    First report of an isolate of ‘ <i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma australiense’ associated with a yellow leaf roll disease of peach ( <i>Prunus persicae</i> ) in Bolivia
    (Wiley, 2005) P. Jones; Y. Arocha; O. Antesana; E. Montilliano; P. Franco
    Phytoplasmas, prokaryote plant pathogens, have been reported to cause peach yellow leaf roll (PYLR) (Smart et al., 1996) and peach red leaf (PRL) diseases. The PYLR phytoplasma belongs to the 16SrX Apple proliferation group (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’) (Seemüller & Schneider, 2004), but PRL still has not been assigned to a subspecific lineage in ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ (Lee et al., 2004). Symptoms similar to PYLR disease were observed in a peach plantation at San Isidro, Santa Cruz Province, Bolivia during a survey in 2003. Older leaves had symptoms of yellowing of the leaf margin and rolling, drying and necrosis. Young leaves were tightly rolled and yellow, and proliferation of shoots was evident along branches. Many trees were dead or dying. Samples of young shoots and leaves were taken from affected and apparently healthy trees and returned to Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK. Total DNA was extracted and indexed by nested PCR with generic phytoplasma rDNA primers P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2. PCR products were characterized by RFLP analysis using the restriction endonucleases HaeIII, RsaI and AluI and direct sequencing. All samples from affected trees gave a 1250 bp PCR product and identical RFLP profiles. Sequence of phytoplasma rDNA (accession no. AY 725212) was compared with others in the GenBank database using blast. The greatest similarity (98%) was with papaya dieback phytoplasma (accession no. Y10095) from Australia, a member of the 16SrXII Stolbur group (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense’) (Firrao et al., 2004). This is the first report of a peach yellow leaf roll-like disease in Bolivia, and the first record of the presence of a Stolbur group phytoplasma in peach. These results contribute to the known diversity of phytoplasmas found in peach and in Bolivian crops. This work was supported by the Department for International Development (UK) through the Global Plant Clinic. Work in the UK was done under Defra plant health licence no. 174B/4612(09/2003). Y. Arocha thanks the Royal Society (UK) for financial support.
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    Halomonas andesensis sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from the saline lake Laguna Colorada in Bolivia
    (Microbiology Society, 2009) Daniel Guzmán; Jorge Quillaguamán; Marlene Muñoz; Rajni Hatti‐Kaul
    A moderately halophilic, motile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain LC6(T), was isolated from a water sample of lake Laguna Colorada in the Bolivian Andes. The major cellular fatty acids were C(18 : 1)omega7c, iso-C(16 : 1)omega7c 2-OH, C(16 : 0) and C(12 : 0) 3-OH. The respiratory ubiquinones found in strain LC6(T) were Q-9 (97 %) and Q-8 (3 %). Strain LC6(T) was aerobic, heterotrophic, and able to utilize various carbohydrates and other substrates as carbon source. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain LC6(T) was 52.5 mol%. The organism was able to grow at pH 6.0-11.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0), at 4-45 degrees C (optimum, 30-35 degrees C) and in the presence of 0.5-20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1-3 %, w/v). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain LC6(T) was most closely related to Halomonas hydrothermalis DSM 15725(T) and Halomonas venusta DSM 4743(T) (98.8 % similarity), followed by Halomonas aquamarina DSM 30161(T), Halomonas axialensis DSM 15723(T) and Halomonas meridiana DSM 5425(T) (98.4 %). However, levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain LC6(T) and the above type strains were low (<31 %). Strain LC6(T) resembled recognized Halomonas species with respect to various physiological, biochemical and nutritional characteristics. Combined phenotypic data and DNA-DNA hybridization data supported the conclusion that strain LC6(T) represents a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas andesensis is proposed. The type strain is LC6(T) (=CCUG 54844(T)=LMG 24243(T)=DSM 19434(T)).
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    Halomonas boliviensis sp. nov., an alkalitolerant, moderate halophile isolated from soil around a Bolivian hypersaline lake
    (Microbiology Society, 2004) Jorge Quillaguamán; Rajni Hatti‐Kaul; Bo Mattìasson; María Teresa Álvarez; Osvaldo D. Delgado
    Halomonas boliviensis sp. nov. is proposed for two moderately halophilic, psychrophilic, alkalitolerant bacteria, LC1(T) (=DSM 15516(T)=ATCC BAA-759(T)) and LC2 (=DSM 15517=ATCC BAA-760), both of which were isolated from a soil sample around the lake Laguna Colorada, located at 4300 m above sea level in the south-west region of Bolivia. The bacteria are aerobic, motile, Gram-negative rods that produce colonies with a cream pigment. Moreover, they are heterotrophs that are able to utilize various carbohydrates as carbon sources. The organisms reduce nitrate and show tryptophan deaminase activity. The genomic DNA G+C contents were 51.4 mol% for isolate LC1(T) and 52.6 mol% for isolate LC2. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, isolates LC1(T) and LC2 were identified as members of the genus Halomonas and clustered closely with Halomonas variabilis DSM 3051(T) and Halomonas meridiana DSM 5425(T). However, DNA-DNA relatedness between the new isolates and the closest related Halomonas species was low.
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    Identifying and quantifying ESKAPEE pathogens in and around sinks in high burden hospitals
    (2026) Lindsay B. Saber; Melani Rojas; Ivory C Blakley; Shan Sun; Melissa Lott; Anthony A. Fodor; Carla Calderon Toledo; Joe Brown
    Hospital-acquired infections driven by ESKAPEE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., and Escherichia coli) are highly prevalent. Premise plumbing, sinks and drains, seeds these organisms into patient environments via aerosolization and subsequent surface contamination. We measured viable ESKAPEE pathogens and overall microbial communities in and around sinks in two high-burden hospitals in La Paz, Bolivia, using culture and 16S rDNA sequencing. In a prospective observational study (May–August 2025), we collected 233 surface swabs and 39 air samples across four sink- related surface categories and in room air. Samples were plated on selective media for ESKAPEE identification and quantified as colony-forming units (CFU) normalized to 100 cm 2 or 6000 L. DNA was extracted, and the full 16S rDNA gene was sequenced on PacBio Revio, analyzed via DADA2/QIIME2 and R. We detected viable presumptive ESKAPEE pathogens in 74.7% surface swabs and 74.4% air samples. Sink basins were most contaminated (mean 31CFU/100 cm 2 , 95 % CI16– 46); concentrations declined with distance from the drain. Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp. showed the highest mean concentration across samples; S. aureus was most frequently detected (54.4% of samples). Hospital-specific differences were evident in culture positivity (Hospital A 85% vs. Hospital B 66.9%) and community composition (PERMANOVA P = 0.001; sample location explained 21.9% vs. 11.7% of variation). 16S profiling confirmed elevated relative abundances of Klebsiella, Enterococcus, and Enterobacter in basins relative to distant surfaces and air. The hospitals studied had high levels of ESKAPEE pathogens, underscoring the need for control measures.
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    Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria from Solanum tuberosum with plant growth-promoting activity
    (European Organization for Nuclear Research, 2025) Leiva Mora, Michel; Gonzalez Osorio, Betty Beatriz; SILVA AGURTO, CATHERINE LIZZETH; Saa, Luis Rodrigo; Lojan, Paul; Portal, Orelvis
    The isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria associated with the Solanum tuberosum L. cultivar ‘Superchola’ were conducted to improve the understanding of plant growth promotion in agricultural systems. Bacteria were isolated by serial dilutions and the morphology of the colonies were characterized on nutrient agar culture medium. In addition, the morphological identification was achieved by Gram staining. The ability to solubilize phosphate was assessed in Pikovskaya agar culture medium, while molecular identification involved the amplification of the partial 16S rRNA gene using the polymerase chain reaction. In the Píllaro canton, the highest number of colony-forming units per gram of soil was recorded at 9.72 x 109. Among isolated strains, 62% exhibited circular morphology, 92% had a smooth texture, and 85% displayed entire margins. Notably, 83% of the isolates were Gram-negative, with 50% exhibiting a bacillary form. The most effective phosphate solubilizers were from the Mocha canton, particularly the isolate CC-FCAGP-BSF10, which showed superior solubilization capacity. Molecular identification revealed bacterial isolates from four genera, i.e. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, and Lysinibacillus. These strains exhibited significant phosphate solubilization in vitro and resulted in increased leaf area, fresh mass, dry mass, and leaf area index in S. tuberosum cultivar ‘Superchola’ in vitro plants. This study identifies six novel bacterial species associated with the rhizosphere of S. tuberosum in Ecuador and highlights their potential for promoting plant growth and solubilizing phosphates.
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    Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria from Solanum tuberosum with plant growth-promoting activity
    (European Organization for Nuclear Research, 2025) Leiva Mora, Michel; Gonzalez Osorio, Betty Beatriz; SILVA AGURTO, CATHERINE LIZZETH; Saa, Luis Rodrigo; Lojan, Paul; Portal, Orelvis
    The isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria associated with the Solanum tuberosum L. cultivar ‘Superchola’ were conducted to improve the understanding of plant growth promotion in agricultural systems. Bacteria were isolated by serial dilutions and the morphology of the colonies were characterized on nutrient agar culture medium. In addition, the morphological identification was achieved by Gram staining. The ability to solubilize phosphate was assessed in Pikovskaya agar culture medium, while molecular identification involved the amplification of the partial 16S rRNA gene using the polymerase chain reaction. In the Píllaro canton, the highest number of colony-forming units per gram of soil was recorded at 9.72 x 109. Among isolated strains, 62% exhibited circular morphology, 92% had a smooth texture, and 85% displayed entire margins. Notably, 83% of the isolates were Gram-negative, with 50% exhibiting a bacillary form. The most effective phosphate solubilizers were from the Mocha canton, particularly the isolate CC-FCAGP-BSF10, which showed superior solubilization capacity. Molecular identification revealed bacterial isolates from four genera, i.e. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, and Lysinibacillus. These strains exhibited significant phosphate solubilization in vitro and resulted in increased leaf area, fresh mass, dry mass, and leaf area index in S. tuberosum cultivar ‘Superchola’ in vitro plants. This study identifies six novel bacterial species associated with the rhizosphere of S. tuberosum in Ecuador and highlights their potential for promoting plant growth and solubilizing phosphates.
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    Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria from Solanum tuberosum with Plant Growth-Promoting Activity
    (2026) Michel Leiva-Mora; Pamela Elizabeth Mera Guzmán; Rafael Isaías Mera Andrade; Alicia Monserrath Zabala Haro; Luis Rodrigo Saa; Paúl Loján; Catherine Lizzeth Silva Agurto; Luis Fabián Salazar-Garcés; Betty Beatriz González Osorio; Dariel Cabrera Mederos
    Phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria associated with the Solanum tuberosum L. cultivar ‘Superchola’ were isolated and characterized to improve our understanding of plant growth promotion in agricultural systems. Bacteria were isolated by serial dilutions, and the morphology of the colonies was characterized on nutrient agar culture medium. In addition, morphological identification was achieved by Gram staining. The ability to solubilize phosphate was assessed in Pikovskaya agar culture medium, while molecular identification involved the amplification of the partial 16S rRNA gene using the polymerase chain reaction. In the Píllaro canton, the highest number of colony-forming units per gram of soil was recorded at 9.72 × 109. Among the isolated strains, 62% exhibited circular morphology, 92% had a smooth texture, and 85% displayed entire margins. Notably, 83% of the isolates were Gram-negative, with 50% exhibiting a bacillary form. The most effective phosphate solubilizers were from the Mocha canton, particularly the isolate CC-FCAGP-BSF6, which showed superior solubilization capacity. Molecular identification revealed bacterial isolates from four genera, i.e., Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Lysinibacillus, and Paenibacillus. These strains exhibited significant phosphate solubilization in vitro and resulted in increased leaf area (0.21–0.49, p = 0.038), fresh mass (0.46–0.87, p = 0.014), dry mass (0.092–0.096, p = 0.047), and leaf area index (0.14–0.33, p = 0.026) in the S. tuberosum cultivar ‘Superchola’ in vitro plants. This study identifies bacterial species associated with the rhizosphere of S. tuberosum in Ecuador and highlights their potential for promoting plant growth and solubilizing phosphates.
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    Marinococcus tarijensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt mine
    (Microbiology Society, 2013) Andrea Balderrama-Subieta; Daniel Guzmán; Hiroaki Minegishi; Akinobu Echigo; Yasuhiro Shimane; Yuji Hatada; Jorge Quillaguamán
    A Gram-stain-positive, coccoid-shaped, halophilic bacterium, strain SR-1(T), was isolated from a salt crystal obtained from a mine located in Tarija, Bolivia. The strain was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The optimum conditions for growth of strain SR-1(T) were reached at 5% (w/v) NaCl, pH 7.6 and 37-40 °C. The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. The isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The major cellular fatty acids of strain SR-1(T) were anteiso-C(15:0), anteiso-C(17:0) and iso-C(16:0). The DNA G+C content of strain SR-1(T) was 48.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed a close relationship between strain SR-1(T) and Marinococcus halophilus JCM 2479(T) (99.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Marinococcus halotolerans KCTC 19045(T) (99.4%) and Marinococcus luteus KCTC 13214(T) (99.8%). However, strain SR-1(T) also showed low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness with these reference strains (47, 61 and 58%, respectively). On the basis of phenotypic differences and DNA-DNA hybridization results, strain SR-1(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Marinococcus, for which the name Marinococcus tarijensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SR-1(T) ( =LMG 26930(T) =CECT 8130(T)).
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    Occurrence of ‘ <i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ (16SrII group) in Bolivia
    (Wiley, 2010) Y. Arocha; G. Plata; Javier Franco; Gladys Main; Silene Veramendi; F. Lazcano; José L. Crespo; V. Lino; Claudia Vargas Calderón; R. E. Espino Llerena
    During a survey for phytoplasma at the PROINPA Foundation, Cochabamba, Bolivia in June 2008, plants of podocarpus (Podocarpus macrophyllus) showed symptoms of shortened internodes, leaf size reduction and proliferation compared to healthy ones, while those of rose (Rosa sp.) exhibited little leaf and yellowing. Both podocarpus and rose are widely distributed ornamental plants in the urban area of Cochabamba, and symptoms were observed in at least 20% of plants of each species surveyed at PROINPA. In addition, symptoms of leaf deformation, crinkling, and curling were displayed by wild plants of tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa) growing nearby. Three plants with symptoms and one symptomless plant respectively of each species were collected. A nested PCR with universal 16S rRNA gene primers R16mF2/R1 and fU5/rU3 was carried out from total DNAs extracted from collected plant material. All plants with symptoms yielded PCR amplicons (∼880 bp), whilst the symptomless plants did not. PCR products were purified (Wizard, Promega), cloned (pGEM T-Easy Vector, Promega) and sequenced (http: http://www.dnaseq.co.uk). A representative sequence was deposited in GenBank for podocarpus (FJ207457), rose (FJ207453) and tomatillo (FJ207452). BLAST comparisons indicated that the 16S rDNA sequences of these phytoplasmas showed the highest identity (99%) with those of phytoplasma members of group 16SrII, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’. A disease in tomatillo was recently associated with a ‘Ca. Phytoplasma asteris’-related strain in Mexico (Santos-Cervantes et al., 2007). However, no phytoplasmas have been reported associated with diseases in podocarpus or rose in the region. This is the first report of phytoplasmas of group 16SrII in Bolivia and its association with diseases in podocarpus, tomatillo and rose plants. Work in the UK was done under Defra licence No. PHF 174D/5185(08/2005). Rothamsted Research receives grants from BBSRC, UK.
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    Supporting information from: Bacterial composition of Polygenis (Polygenis) bohlsi bohlsi (Wagner, 1901) (Siphonaptera: Rhopalopsyllidae) associated with Thrichomys fosteri (Rodentia: Echimyidae) in the Brazilian Pantanal Wetland
    (European Organization for Nuclear Research, 2026) Michelli Inácio Gonçalves Funncelli; Renan Bressianini do Amaral; Victória Valente Califre de Mello; Ricardo Bassini-Silva; Lizeth Fernanda Banguero Micolta; Marie Buysse; William Oliveira de Assis; Alanderson Rodrigues da Silva; Heitor Miraglia Herrera; Rosângela Zacarias Machado
    This repository contains supplementary material derived from the article “Bacterial composition of Polygenis (Polygenis) bohlsi bohlsi (Wagner, 1901) (Siphonaptera: Rhopalopsyllidae) associated with Thrichomys fosteri (Rodentia: Echimyidae) in the Brazilian Pantanal Wetland”, and corresponds to the microbiome analysis based on the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from flea specimens collected from the rodent Thrichomys fosteri in the Brazilian Pantanal wetland. The supplementary material includes: (i) detailed descriptions of the molecular assays used for the detection and characterization of Bartonella spp. and Wolbachia spp., including target genes, primer and probe sequences, amplification conditions, amplicon sizes, and references (Tables SM1 and SM2); (ii) molecular identification results and BLASTn analyses of amplicons obtained from flea specimens positive for Bartonella spp. (Table SM3); (iii) identification of analyzed samples and corresponding GenBank accession numbers for the generated sequences (Table SM4); (iv) molecular results and BLASTn analyses of samples positive for Wolbachia spp. (Table SM5); and (v) a rarefaction curve based on bacterial ASVs demonstrating that sequencing depth was sufficient to capture the majority of bacterial diversity across samples (Figure SM1).