Browsing by Tema "Abandonment (legal)"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Health and Peacebuilding in Colombia: challenges and opportunities of a community training process for the post-accord
(2022) Catalina González-Uribe; Melissa Arena Simbaqueba; Sebastián León-Giraldo; Luis Fernando Arias; David Alejandro Rodríguez; Ginna Esmeralda Hernández-Neuta; Rodrigo Moreno‐Serra; Óscar Bernal
<title>Abstract</title> Following the peace agreement process in Colombia and to guarantee the right to health, a national educational program to train community leaders in technical education in public health was designed and implemented. Using qualitative methodologies, we sought reflections about the impact of the training process on the 'participant's life projects, collecting information from previous and current experiences and expectations after the program. Participants (n = 44) included peasants, afro-Colombian and indigenous communities, displaced people, victims of the armed conflict, and ex-combatants of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Army of the People (FARC-EP). Data collection through ethnographic observation, focus groups, and individual semi-structured interviews took place between October and November 2018. Results indicate that the participants saw the program as an opportunity to meet their goals and have better opportunities for their lives; change their way of thinking, and be reflective and open to discussion. Historical governmental and institutional abandonment was identified as a barrier for trust in the program and uncertainty on its potential benefits. Daily life co-existence during the training was a challenge between participants given their diverse backgrounds in the context of conflict in Colombia. It is important to create friendly and explanatory strategies to generate trust with and among participants accompanied with psychological support, ease successful interaction, and generate wellbeing through the program's implementation.
Health and Peacebuilding in Colombia: challenges and opportunities of a community training process for the post-accord
(2022) Catalina González-Uribe; Melissa Arena Simbaqueba; Sebastián León-Giraldo; Luis Fernando Arias; David Alejandro Rodríguez; Ginna Esmeralda Hernández-Neuta; Rodrigo Moreno‐Serra; Óscar Bernal
<title>Abstract</title> Following the peace agreement process in Colombia and to guarantee the right to health, a national educational program to train community leaders in technical education in public health was designed and implemented. Using qualitative methodologies, we sought reflections about the impact of the training process on the 'participant's life projects, collecting information from previous and current experiences and expectations after the program. Participants (n = 44) included peasants, afro-Colombian and indigenous communities, displaced people, victims of the armed conflict, and ex-combatants of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Army of the People (FARC-EP). Data collection through ethnographic observation, focus groups, and individual semi-structured interviews took place between October and November 2018. Results indicate that the participants saw the program as an opportunity to meet their goals and have better opportunities for their lives; change their way of thinking, and be reflective and open to discussion. Historical governmental and institutional abandonment was identified as a barrier for trust in the program and uncertainty on its potential benefits. Daily life co-existence during the training was a challenge between participants given their diverse backgrounds in the context of conflict in Colombia. It is important to create friendly and explanatory strategies to generate trust with and among participants accompanied with psychological support, ease successful interaction, and generate wellbeing through the program's implementation.
Historias de vida para sensibilizar el aprendizaje de la Educación Inclusiva en la carrera de Educación
(2021) Callisaya Argani; Juana Isabel
The research investigates and describes the history of Special Education through life stories compiled with grandparents, grandmothers and neighbors of the community, with the aim of raising awareness regarding the care of disabilities and educational inclusion according to the Avelino Sinani Law - Elizardo Perez. From the qualitative approach and the biographical method, regularities and coincidences were identified in the life stories between 1920 - 2010, using an interview guide, with 39 systematized stories. The results show: family experience was mediated by violence and abandonment; in school the rejection and discrimination were constant, they did not conclude the primary; They lived with discrimination and indifference in the community. Regarding the life cycle; in childhood they could not meet basic needs such as food or health, in adolescence they did not live in groups, on the contrary they had lonely lives and received child treatment. In adulthood some managed to form a family, and precarious work allowed them to survive almost in begging. Very few came to old age. In conclusion, the activity met the objective of raising awareness among professionals in Education about the difficulties and vulnerabilities experienced by people with disabilities.
Implementing an ecoculture: living beyond fear
(2024) Susana Vilas Boas
In light of Pope Francis' Encyclical Laudato Si' I will defend the necessity and urgency of implementing an ecoculture in such a way that it is possible to live the present and look to the future beyond the fear of destruction. The happy dream for the human family, as described in Laudato Si', will mean breaking free from the chains of the paradigm of fear, where having takes precedence over being and, consequently, leads to the agony of the whole Creation in a spiral of survival, where the fullness of life has no place. Ecoculture will make possible a sobriety that is able, without despair or fatalism, to develop an action of compassion for Creation - a compassion in which the human being understands himself as an integral part of Creation, suffering with it whenever destruction is victorious. In an ecoculture, human beings reassume their original role in Creation, abandoning all ambitions and attempts at superiority, but rather seeking the common good of Creation, in which technical progress, policies, and social relations are allies in safeguarding the common home and never sacrificers of integral ecology.
Novel Gas Shutoff Resin System for Well Abandonment Applications in Colombia: A Case History
(2014) Javier Urdaneta; Juan Manuel Arroyave; Paul Jones; Jorge Amaya; A. Coral; Hernán Hernández Herrera
Abstract Recent studies have shown an increase in the percent of wells affected by sustained casing pressure over time. Both the oil and gas industry and governments are studying the causes of sustained casing pressure and methods to help prevent undesired flow that can potentially result in the loss of wellbore integrity and environmental problems. In the Caribbean region in northern Colombia, various natural gas production fields have been developed for decades. Because of mechanical problems or low economic return rates, some producing gas wells have been abandoned. Some wells in this area have been abandoned using conventional cement techniques without success, sometimes resulting in gas communication through the annulus to the surface. This has even been observed in some cases where the primary top of cement (TOC) was planned to surface. Potential gas communication through the wellbore annulus has been an issue in the industry for a long time. There are several factors influencing gas communication, such as flow through mud channels, micro-annuli, and flow through unset cement, among others. This paper presents the successful application of a new resin with superior mechanical properties and solids content designed according to the needs of the well, which allow it to penetrate areas previously inaccessible to conventional cement slurry, such as small fractures, channels, or micro-annuli. The case study presented shows how a sustained casing pressure problem was caused by a channel in the primary cement job. The novel resin system was pumped successfully as a squeeze job ahead of neat cement slurry to isolate the gas-producing formation, and no further gas production was observed at surface, bringing the well back into compliance with government regulations for proper well abandonment.
Paisajes del desarrollo: la ecología de las tecnologías andinas
(Universidad de Los Andes, 2009) Alexander Herrera; Maurizio Alì
The abandonment of indigenous and traditional ways of relating to the landscape and making use of the environment are historically tied, since the epoch of conquest, to the imposition of development models that respond to foreign demands. Social scientists have variously integrated the concept of development as an analytical tool, with differing foci and applications, despite a broader and persistent tendency to relate the idea chiefly to economic growth and eschew social progress. This paper critically addresses the theoretical implications of an ecological approach to the recovery of indigenous technologies in the Andean area, on the basis of experiences in Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru. Its objective is to learn from past mistakes and recast the recovery of indigenous technologies as an effective strategy to articulate viable alternatives for local communities in the fields of agriculture, herding and agroforestry.
Percepción sobre el uso de ortodoncia correctiva en jóvenes desertores del tratamiento en Mérida, Venezuela
(2019) Yajaira Romero Barrera; Gennesis Viudch; José Baudilio Róndon; Yermarie Vielma; Endrina Vielma; Nilza Lindarte; Angélica Loaiza
Introduction: In recent years, the abandonment of orthodontic treatment has be-come common, but it is unknown why some of these patients refuse to remove the appliances from their mouths. After an exhaustive review in different research sources, it can be affirmed that up to this moment no study was found regarding the perception of the use of corrective orthodontics in young dropouts of the treatment but who still have the equipment fixed in the mouth. Objective: to de-scribe the perception of the use of corrective orthodontics in young dropouts of the treatment who still have fixed appliances in the mouth of MeridaVenezuela. Materials and Methods: It is a qualitative, descriptive, cross- sectional study. The interview technique was performed on a group of 4 informants carrying fixed orthodontics appliances to collect the data. For the analysis and results, the constant comparison method combined with the data triangulation was used. Results: It was found that the perception of the informants in relation to the use of the orthodontic treatment pursues aesthetic, embellishment and decoration aspects; Results: it was found that it has a social projection that generates the idea of high social status, being one of the motivations for conserving fixed appliances. Conclusion: These young people perceive the use of corrective orthodontics as a factor that helps them to have social success.
Territorial Rule in Colombia and the Transformation of the Llanos Orientales ‐ by Rausch, Jane M.
(Wiley, 2015) Shawn Van Ausdal
Rausch, Jane M. (2013) Territorial Rule in Colombia and the Transformation of the Llanos Orientales, University Press of Florida ( Gainesville, FL), x + 186 pp. £69.95 hbk. The Llanos Orientales, Colombia's vast tropical grasslands east of the Andes, have long been a frontier region. Isolated and environmentally challenging, Hispanic colonisation and control was minimal there, and a distinctive society, shaped by missions and extensive ranching, developed on those cultural borderlands. Despite Bogotá's ambivalence about the llanero, it was certain that these scarcely settled plains were crucial to the country's future. While the dreams of unlocking their riches went unfulfilled for centuries, since the 1950s this perennial ‘future of Colombia’ has finally become central to ‘the country's “present” expectations for prosperity’ (p. viii). In this book, Jane Rausch, dean of historians of the Llanos, synthesises the story of this recent transformation. Her chronological narrative is organised by national political periods. After setting the stage in chapter 1, the next two chapters examine the Violencia (1946–1953) and its partial containment under the dictatorship of Rojas Pinilla (1953–1957). Rausch suggests that the difficulties of territorial control, as well as evenly divided political sympathies, a sense of abandonment and long-standing tensions between ranchers and peasants, help explain why the Llanos became an important theatre in this ostensibly partisan civil war. She also identifies the Violencia as a watershed in the region's history. The widespread social upheaval in which nineteen Liberal guerrilla groups were formed demonstrated the urgency of investing in the future of the Llanos. The migrants who started pouring into these plains during the 1950s – up to 300 families per month in Villavicencio, the region's most important city – further catalysed their transformation. During the National Front (1957–1978), Colombia's bipartisan power-sharing arrangement, the state made significant strides in incorporating the Llanos within the nation. Despite limited budgets and scant personnel, it built more schools (and health centres), finally relieving the Church of its educational mandate in the 1970s. The extension of telephone and postal services, as well as the diffusion of cheap transistor radios, brought the dispersed population increasingly within the national orbit. The key, however, was extending the region's transportation infrastructure. Widening the Bogotá-Villavicencio road to accommodate two-way traffic, and other improvements, encouraged mostly spontaneous migration – the region grew over 11 per cent annually during the 1950s and 1960s – and stimulated agricultural (especially mechanised rice) production and the (still rudimentary) ranching economy. The penultimate chapter addresses the key transformative period (1978–2010), during which time the Llanos passed ‘from frontier to region’ (p. 108). The turning point was 1986, when oil began to flow from wells at Caño Limón, making the Llanos a key source of Colombian exports. Oil revenues financed further improvements to the region's infrastructure, encouraging the expansion, especially in Meta, of oil-palm plantations and fattening pastures. Drawn by job prospects and the old dreams of cheap land – or pushed by displacement – immigration has continued unabated. Currently, only one in four residents were born in the Llanos. As these llaneros have exchanged their cowboy hats for hard helmets, an identity crisis has pervaded the region. The growing population has, nonetheless, been critical to the political transformation of the Llanos as territories, formally managed in Bogotá, became independent departments. Unfortunately, autonomy came at a difficult moment, as rents from oil and drug production led to a resurgence of guerrilla activity, which had never been completely suppressed, and to violent conflicts with paramilitary groups. The new departments, however, also suffered from ‘their own inefficiency, corruption, and financial weakness’ (p. 111), exacerbating the environmental contamination of oil drilling and limiting the effectiveness of efforts to safeguard the region's remaining indigenous groups. With this book, Rausch completes her four-volume saga of the history of the Colombian Llanos since the Spanish conquest. Her prose is crisp and the narrative is well organised, although it sometimes feels encyclopaedic. She also does an admirable job in contextualising her story within the broader trends of Colombian history, making the text accessible to a wide audience. For some, the narrative might be overly traditional, with a focus on political history and economic development. There are no people beyond the key players: the waves of migrants who have helped transform the Llanos remain faceless. Additionally, cultural questions get minimal attention and even the region's main economic activities are cursorily described. The best chapters are those on La Violencia; with 50 pages, or one-third of the total, dedicated to this decade, the text has room to breathe. By contrast, the past 30 years are dispatched in twenty pages. The final chapter, which examines recent conceptualisations of the Llanos as frontier, region and borderlands, is the least satisfying. Overall, however, Rausch has delivered a remarkably succinct and readable synthesis of an increasingly dynamic region central to Colombia's future.