Detección de variación somaclonal en plantas de plátano hartón (musa aab) mediante técnicas estadísticas. I. aplicación del análisis de componentes principales

Abstract

The intention of this investigation is to identify the most explanatory variables of the behavior of plants of banana Harton (AAB), propagated “In vitro” and planted in an inappropriate area due to its edaphic conditions and without fertilization, the edaphic variables were observed concentration hidrogenionica (pH), electrical conductivity (ec), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) and the morfostructural variables the height of the plant (hei), the pseudostem circumference (c), the number of leaves (lea) and children (chi). They were evaluated every 15 days from 265 days after the sowing up to 390 days. A sample was selected at random using the sample systematic answered design, analyzing the information by means of the statistical technology of Analysis of Principal components (APC). According to the statistical results, of 40 analyzed components 5 are sufficient to explain 87 % of the total variability. The fundamental variables to explain the morfo-structural behavior of the plants are the hei, the c and lea; and of the edaphic, the Na, the ec and the K. The plants 26,31,37,46 and 52 presented an atypical interesting behavior for a later analysis in the second part of this investigation and thus detect variant somaclonales.