Rodrigo LondoƱo van RuttenNikolas Vander VennetCaroline ButsMarc Jegers2026-03-222026-03-22202410.1080/17441056.2024.2440227https://doi.org/10.1080/17441056.2024.2440227https://andeanlibrary.org/handle/123456789/76247enCartelInternational tradeBusinessIndustrial organizationCompetition policyInternational economicsEconomicsLaw and economicsLeniency policy in hub and spoke cartelsarticle