José Peres‐CajíasNigel Caspa2026-03-222026-03-22202510.1080/00076791.2025.2528751https://doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2025.2528751https://andeanlibrary.org/handle/123456789/77520enEconomicsEconomyBusinessEconomic historyMining elites in developing economies: Big Bad Wolf or Ugly Duckling? The Bolivian case, <i>c.</i> 1850–1950article