Establishing Cognitive Item Models for Fair and Theory-Grounded Automatic Item Generation: A Large-Scale Assessment Study with Image-Based Math Items

Philipp SonnleitnerSteve BernardMichael Andreas MichelsPamela Inostroza-FernandezUlrich KellerMark J. GierlPedro Cardoso-LeiteCaroline Hornung2026-03-222026-03-22202510.1080/08957347.2025.2563889https://doi.org/10.1080/08957347.2025.2563889https://andeanlibrary.org/handle/123456789/46834Citaciones: 1peer reviewedenItem response theoryPsychologyCognitionItem analysisDifferential item functioningTest (biology)Cognitive psychologyComputer scienceEquatingMathematics educationEstablishing Cognitive Item Models for Fair and Theory-Grounded Automatic Item Generation: A Large-Scale Assessment Study with Image-Based Math Itemsarticle