Browsing by Autor "Elaysa Salas"

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Cepas de bacterias probióticas como terapia coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la enfermedad periodontal. Revisión de la literatura
(2018) Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Elaysa Salas
Periodontal disease is the set of disorders associated to inflammation and loss of supporting structures of the teeth. The initial treatment for periodontal disease is manual or ultrasonic tartrectomy, as well as root scaling and root planning (SRP) in areas with deep periodontal probing, which objective is to control the infection, establishing a microbial community compatible with the health of the host. However, it is not always effective as a single treatment for improving clinical characteristics. Scientific evidence indicates that after mechanical removal of plaque, periodontal pathogens re-colonize the periodontal pockets in a few months, that is why some scientists suggest supplementing the SRP with adjuvant therapies in periodontal rehabilitation such as antibiotic therapy, phytotherapy and, the new trend, probiotic bacteria. Available information on the effects of probiotics on periodontal health and its clinical conditions is still limited. The present review describes current knowledge on probiotics from a perspective of periodontal health.
Conocimiento de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Los Andes sobre medidas de prevención en atención odontológica frente a la pandemia Covid-19
(2020) Angélica Sivira Penott; Jormany Quintero Rojas; Elaysa Salas
SARS-CoV-2 is the new coronavirus identified as the causal agent of the Coronavirus COVID-19 disease, which was discovered in China and has been responsible for the most extensive pandemic today. The tropism of the virus by the cells of the tongue and upper respiratory system, make the dental exercise one of the professions of greater risk; therefore, the objective was to describe the level of knowledge that students of the FOULA have about the disease caused by Coronavirus (COVID- 19) and prevention measures in the dental care. A descriptive study with a contemporary transectional field observational design was carried out, using for the data collection a written survey, a self-administered digital questionnaire designed for that purpose and validated by experts, obtaining a sample of 112 students from an approximate population of 340 active students. The statistical analysis of the results showed that 64,3% of the sample presented regular knowledge. More than 80% responded correctly about the most susceptible group, forms of contagion, signs and symptoms, and basic prevention measures indicated by Word Health Organization. Likewise, they pointed out to know the prevention measures in dental care, although they show concern at the moment of reactivating the clinical and academic activities.
Efecto antimicrobiano del gel de manzanilla y llantén sobre la microbiota subgingival en el tratamiento de la periodontitis. Estudio preliminar
(2019) Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Elaysa Salas; Adriana Gil
Chamomile and plantain are plants recognized and used by the population worldwide due to its anti-inflammatory, astringent and antibacterial properties. These plants have been used in the treatment of various inflammatory processes, including those of the oral cavity such as gingivitis and periodontitis, among others. The scarce scientific publication about the antimicrobial effect of these plants merging their properties motivated the realization of the present pilot study, in order to determine the clinical and antimicrobial effect of chamomile gel 5% and plantain 2% on the subgingival microbiota in the treatment of periodontitis through confirmatory, experimental research, with a sample of 8 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis who attended the clinic of Periodontics of the FOULA in September 2017. The sample consisted of 4 patients for the experimental group, subjected to conventional therapy of periodontal treatment plus the application of chamomile gel 5% and plantain 2% and 4 patients for the control group, which received conventional therapy plus a placebo gel. The data were collected in clinical-microbiological records, evaluating depth of the periodontal sacs, gingival index, hemorrhagic, O'leary and counting of colony forming units in both study groups before, during and after the treatment was applied. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics, concluding that the gel of 5% chamomile and 2% plantain as a coadjuvant of periodontal therapy favors the recovery of periodontal tissues and decrease of the colony forming units of black pigmented bacteria, constituent of the subgingival microbiota.
Evaluación in vitro del efecto de extractos de Aloe Vera sobre Streptococcus Mutans
(2014) Saavedra Martha; Marı́a Salazar; José Manuel Jiménez Medina; J M Belkis Quiñonez; Elaysa Salas; Leonidas Eduardo Urdaneta Paredes
Because of the increasing appearance of resistance mechanisms to antibacterial of common use, as long as the rising in the prevalence of infectious diseases, several studies have directed efforts in discovering new antimicrobial agents from plants and other natural sources, for being used in pharmaceutical compounds and cosmetics, which assure effectiveness, approachability and minimal side effects on patients. Aloe vera is considered one of these sources with potential pharmacological properties. Many methods have been reported to evaluate antibacterial activity of those products and demonstrate the properties of these substances. The agar dilution is the most accepted one; this method was used in this research in order to evaluate the antiseptic effect reported on the literature and to determine the effect of extracts obtained from the cuticle of the leaves and the juice of Aloe vera on Streptococcus mutans CVCM 656 (ATCC 25175), causative of dental decay and public health issue. The extracts obtained did not show inhibitory effect on the strain assayed, which indicates the inexistence of susceptibility or the need of assay concentrations over 512 µg/mL.
Inocuidad de lactobacilos potencialmente probióticos aislados de heces de lactante y leche materna.
(2013) Roselynn Moreno; Elaysa Salas; César I. Pérez Maldonado; José Manuel Jiménez Medina
Lactobacillus belongs to the Acid Lactic Bacteria group, which is known for their probiotic properties. These microorganisms are historically considered safe for their close association with food, they are inhabitants of the normal indigenous microbiota and their pathogenic potential is low. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the safety of potentially probiotic lactobacilli strains, isolated from breast-fed infant stools and breast milk in Merida, Venezuela, through a bacterial translocation assay on liver and spleen. Two strains of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei (66 and 71) and one strain of L. rhamnosus (75) were evaluated; these strains were described as potential probiotics microorganism according previous in vitro tests. Bacteria were orally administrated to BALB/c mice for 7 days. ANOVA one way test was used to assess the statistical significance of the differences between test and control groups. There were no significant differences in bacterial growth of liver and spleen between control mice and those receiving oral administration of lactobacilli strains. Therefore these strains are likely to be safe for human consumption.
Microbiota bucal en el adulto mayor edéntulo. Revisión de la literatura
(2022) Elaysa Salas; Lorena Bustillos; Jormani Quintero
Los estudios sobre el microbiota bucal de personas mayores que viven en la comunidad es limitado y los cambios que ocurren en la microbiota habitual en pacientes edéntulos han sido poco reportados. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer un acercamiento a la perspectiva actual de la microbiota del adulto mayor edéntulo y sus posibles consecuencias sobre su salud bucal. Esta revisión de la literatura es tipo Estado del Arte y pretende contextualizar y establecer las características de la microbiota bucal de los adultos mayores edéntulos. Se utilizaron publicaciones en las cuales analizaron muestras microbiológicas de cohortes de este tipo de pacientes. Los artículos incluidos fueron filtrados por año de publicación en un rango comprendido entre el 2017 y 2022, para tipos de estudios: revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos, casos y controles, estudios descriptivos y explicativos a través de motores de búsqueda y bases de datos como ScienceDirect (Elsevier), PubMed (MedLine), SciELO y el buscador Google Académico, de artículos publicados durante los últimos 5 años. Como resultados se encontró que el adulto mayor, experimenta cambios en la composición de la microbiota asociados a diferentes factores químicos y físicos, las especies de bacterias localizadas en la cavidad bucal del adulto mayor edéntulo se concentran en 9 Phylum y 29 géneros bacterianos. Los Phylum Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria y Bacteriodetes representan la mayoría de las bacterias de la cavidad bucal en estos individuos, los géneros bacterianos más comunes, se concentran en Streptococcus, Veillonella, Actinomyces, Rothia, Prevotella y Neisseria Para los pacientes portadores de dentaduras totales la mayor prevalencia registrada se concentra en seis géneros bacterianos: Streptococcus, Veillonella, Rothia, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotella y Alteromonas, la proporción en los géneros Streptococcus, Neisseria, Rothia, Sediminibacterium es mayor en edéntulos. Todos inciden en la colonización microbiana modificando la diversidad de los microorganismos de la cavidad bucal.