Cepas de bacterias probióticas como terapia coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la enfermedad periodontal. Revisión de la literatura

Abstract

Periodontal disease is the set of disorders associated to inflammation and loss of supporting structures of the teeth. The initial treatment for periodontal disease is manual or ultrasonic tartrectomy, as well as root scaling and root planning (SRP) in areas with deep periodontal probing, which objective is to control the infection, establishing a microbial community compatible with the health of the host. However, it is not always effective as a single treatment for improving clinical characteristics. Scientific evidence indicates that after mechanical removal of plaque, periodontal pathogens re-colonize the periodontal pockets in a few months, that is why some scientists suggest supplementing the SRP with adjuvant therapies in periodontal rehabilitation such as antibiotic therapy, phytotherapy and, the new trend, probiotic bacteria. Available information on the effects of probiotics on periodontal health and its clinical conditions is still limited. The present review describes current knowledge on probiotics from a perspective of periodontal health.