Browsing by Autor "Francisca Ely"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Guidelines for including bamboos in tropical ecosystem monitoring
(Wiley, 2020) Belén Fadrique; Joseph W. Veldman; James W. Dalling; Lynn G. Clark; Lía Montti; Eduardo Ruíz-Sánchez; Débora Cristina Rother; Francisca Ely; William Farfán-Ríos; Paul R. Gagnon
Abstract Bamboos are a diverse and ecologically important group of plants that have the potential to modulate the structure, composition, and function of forests. With the aim of increasing the visibility and representation of bamboo in forest surveys, and to standardize techniques across ecosystems, we present a protocol for bamboo monitoring in permanent research plots. A bamboo protocol is necessary because measurements and sampling schemes that are well‐suited to trees are inadequate for monitoring most bamboo species and populations. Our protocol suggests counting all bamboo culms (stems) in the study plot and determining bamboo dimensions based on two different approaches: (a) measuring a random subset of 60 culms and calculating the average dimensions or (b) measuring all culms. With data from 1‐ha plots in the Peruvian Andes, we show that both approaches provide very similar estimates of bamboo basal area. We suggest including all mature culms rooted inside change the to each plot from all woody bamboo species with maximum diameters ≥1 cm. We also present recommendations on how to collect vouchers of bamboo species for identification. Data collected according to our proposed protocols will increase our understanding of regional and global patterns in bamboo diversity and the role of bamboo in forest dynamics. Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Leaf morphology and anatomy of Monochaetum meridense (Melastomataceae)
(2005) Francisca Ely; Fresia Torres; Juan Gaviria
Monochaetum meridense (H.Karst.) Naudin is a widely distributed shrub of the South American Andes, however, the studies carried out for this species are restricted to a few morphological descriptions and floristic surveys. This motivated the authors to describe the leaf structure, and if possible, to relate it with the species habitat and distribution along a gradient in the Sierra Nevada of Merida, a relatively undisturbed mountain range that comprises cloud forests, upper montane-forests (bosques parameros) and paramo vegetation. M. meridense grows between 2.400-3.400 m asl, it presents a thin cuticle, a scarce content of schlerenchyma, lax spongy parenchyma and vein pattern, characters that depict M. meridense as a mesophyte, however, the tall and thickened anticlinal walls of the upper epidermic cells, along with the well differentiated mesophyll and compact palisade parenchyma, suggest a heliophyte conduct and explain the species preference for sunny environments along this gradient, in which no significant differences were observed among the individuals growing at different altitudes.
Morfología y anatomía foliar de monochaetum meridense (melastomataceae)
(Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2005) Francisca Ely; Fresia Torres; Juan Gaviria
"Monochaetum meridense (H.Karst.) Naudin es un arbusto de amplia distribuciónen los andes sudamericanos, pese a ello, los estudios de la especie se limitan a escasostrabajos morfológicos y florísticos. Ello motivó el estudio de su estructura foliar, con elobjeto de relacionar la misma con su hábitat y distribución altitudinal en la Sierra Nevadade Mérida, una cadena de vegetación poco intervenida, que abarca bosques nublados,bosques parameros y vegetación de páramo. M. meridense crece entre los 2.400-3.400 msnm, presenta hojas glabras, de cutícula delgada, con escaso contenido de esclerénquima,parénquima esponjoso y venación laxos, atributos que la caracterizan como una especiemesomórfica; sin embargo, su epidermis adaxial de paredes anticlinales altas yengrosadas, mesofilo bien diferenciado y el parénquima en empalizada compacto, indicanun comportamiento heliófito y explican su presencia a lo largo del gradiente muestreado,en el cual no se hallaron diferencias significativas en los especímenes provenientesde diferentes altitudes."
Relación entre la morfoanatomía foliar de tres especies de miconia (melastomataceae) con su hábitat y distribución altitudinal en el parque nacional sierra nevada de Mérida, Venezuela
(2005) Francisca Ely; Fresia Torres; Juan Gaviria
RESUMEN En la Sierra Nevada de Merida, entre los 3.000 - 4.000 m snm, crecen tres especies de Miconia (Melastomataceae): M. chionophylla, M. latifolia y M. tinifolia . La primera es un arbusto enano de los bosques de Polylepis sericea y las dos ultimas son arboles del bosque paramero. Con el objeto de describir y comparar en estas especies sus patrones de distribucion y su habitat, se realizaron estudios morfoanatomicos foliares, colectando material de diferentes individuos a lo largo del gradiente altitudinal. Miconia latifolia y M. tinifolia ascienden hasta los 3.500 m y presentan hojas tipicamente xeromorficas: venacion reticulada, cuticula gruesa, densidad estomatica alta, epidermis de celulas pequenas, hipodermis pluriestratificada y mesofilo muy compacto. M. chionophylla , en cambio, presenta hojas mesomorficas: venacion y mesofilo laxo, cuticula delgada, densidad estomatica baja, celulas epidermicas grandes y carece de hipodermis, pero asciende a 4.000 m snm. ABSTRACT In the Sierra Nevada National Park, in Merida, three species of Miconia (Melastomataceae) occur between 3.000 and 4.000 m asl. These species are: M. chionophylla, M. latifolia and M. tinifolia . The first is a dwarf shrub of the Polylepis sericea forests, whilst the other two species are trees of the upper montane forests. With the purpose of describing and comparing these three species, their distribution and habitat, the morphoanatomical characters of the leaves were studied in samples collected from individuals growing at different altitudes, along this gradient. Miconia latifolia and M. tinifolia reach 3.500 m and exhibit typical xeromorphic leaves: reticulated vein pattern, thick cuticles, elevated stomatal density, small epidermic cells, multistratified hypodermis and a compact mesophyll. M. chionophylla , instead, exhibits typical mesomorphic leaves, characterized by a lax vein pattern and mesophyll, thin cuticles, relatively low stomatal density and lacks a hypodermis, yet reaches 4.000 m asl.