Browsing by Autor "Hernani-Limarino, Werner L."

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La evolución de la pobreza en Bolivia: un enfoque multidimensional
(rlde, 2013) Villarroel, Paul; Hernani-Limarino, Werner L.
Este documento construye una medida de pobreza multidimensional para Bolivia, basado en todos los derechos fundamentales establecidos en la Constitución de 2008 que pueden ser medidos en las encuestas de hogares; y documenta los cambios de pobreza observados en Bolivia durante la última década utilizando un enfoque multidimensional. En particular, extendemos el análisis de Hernani-Limarino (2010) de la evolución de la pobreza monetaria con nuevas mediciones de líneas de pobreza desarrollados por Hernani y Eid (2013) y un análisis que incorpora cinco dimensiones no monetarias: acceso a educación, seguridad social de corto plazo (salud), seguridad social de largo plazo (pensiones), vivienda adecuada, y servicios básicos de la vivienda (electricidad, agua, saneamiento básico y telecomunicaciones). El análisis muestra que, durante el periodo 1999-2011, la pobreza monetaria ha mostrado una tendencia decreciente acelerada a partir del año 2005, con una tasa de reducción promedio de 4.5% anual, que representa 253,364 personas por año. Por otra parte, se han observado ligeros avances en el acceso a dimensiones sociales durante el periodo 1999-2005 en el área urbana, mientras que en el área rural se han mantenido niveles altos de privación. Estos resultados han generado que la pobreza multidimensional se haya reducido en 24 puntos porcentuales durante el periodo 1999-2011 pero también un aumento de las personas con vulnerabilidad social por el comportamiento elusivo de la pobreza no monetaria en el país.
Pobreza monetaria. Crecimiento y redistribución
(rlde, 2013) Uribe, Alejandra; Hernani-Limarino, Werner L.
This paper documents and explains the evolution of monetary poverty in Bolivia during the period 1999-2011. First, we find a significant reduction in both, extreme and moderate, poverty. During the period under analysis, extreme poverty headcount, gap and severity have reduced in 55,67 and 73%; while moderate poverty headcount, gap and severity have reduced in 32,50 and 60%, respectively. The speed of poverty reduction was greater in extreme poverty than in moderate poverty, with significant differences by poverty measures, areas, and time periods. On the one hand, the average reduction rate in extreme poverty headcount in urban areas was 10.4% per year in the 2005-2011 period and 3.5% per year in the 1999-2005 period; while in rural areas was 7.2% per year in the 2005-2011 period and 3.9% per year in the 1999-2005 period. On the otherhand, the average reduction rate in moderate poverty headcount in urban areas was 3.7% per year in the 2005-2011 period and 1.9% per year in the 1999-2005 period; while in rural areas was 4.4% per year in the 2005-2011 period and 2.4% per year in the 1999-2005 period. Second, we find that growth of and redistribution in per capita household income have played different roles in poverty reductions by are and time period. On the one hand, poverty changes in urban areas during the 1999-2005 period are mainly explained by the growth in per capita income -which was enough to compensate for the increase on income inequality; while poverty changes during the 2005-2011 period was the result of both, growth in and redistribution of per capita income. On the other hand, poverty reductions in rural areas are mainly explained by the sustained growth of per capita household income, more intense during the last than during the first period.