Browsing by Autor "Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha"

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Acciones de mejora en el proceso editorial científico del Journal Boliviano de Ciencias: estudio de caso
(2020) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Edson Gastón Montaño Bautista; Daysi Lidia Iñiguez Calveti
El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar acciones de mejora para el proceso editorial del Journal Boliviano de Ciencias a través de la opinión de los autores. La metodología consistió en la aplicación de un cuestionario en línea a los autores de los íltimos tres aÃ±os (2017, 2018 y 2019), y del íltimo semestre del 2020. Los resultados muestran que la revista debe mejorar en la visibilidad internacional, indexación y rapidez de la revisión por pares, principalmente. La mayoría de los autores está conforme con el proceso editorial y volvería a publicar nuevamente en la revista. Se debe trabajar en mejorar la calidad general de la revista para lograr indexación e índices académicos.
An exploratory study on crack healing in cementitious matrices induced by Pythium aphanidermatum
(Elsevier BV, 2025) Nahúm Gamalier Cayo Chileno; Daniela Sales Alviano; Celuta Sales Alviano; Tatiana Cardoso e Bufalo; Tiago Dias Martins; Laércio Mesquita Júnior; Gabrielle Avelar Silva; Maria Alves Ferreira; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Otávio da Fonseca Martins Gomes
Análise da Geração dos Resíduos da Construção e Demolição nos Canteiros de Obra da Cidade do Recife-PE
(2021) Cidney Ribeiro Vieira; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Kalinny Patrícia Vaz Lafayette; Débora Maria da Silva
O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar a geração dos resíduos nos canteiros de obras da cidade do Recife – PE. Foi possível identificar 45 canteiros de obras, onde 25 deles foram concluídas no período da pesquisa, com dados completos de geração de RCC, e as outras 20 obras continuaram em andamento com dados parciais de geração de RCC. As obras concluídas apresentaram uma geração média de 1253 toneladas, com índice de geração por área de construção de 93,49 kg/m². Nas obras em andamento observou-se predominância dos resíduos classe A em 85,67% dos casos, seguidos pela classe B com 7,25%, classe C com 6,95% e finalmente classe D com 0,13%. Foram elaborados indicadores de geração dos RCC, para que as empresas adotem como referência, a fim de reduzir o elevado índice de desperdício registrado nas obras.
Análise dos fatores de influência e diagnóstico da gestão dos resíduos da construção civil (RCC) nos canteiros de obra da cidade do Recife-PE
(Editora Universitária Champagnat, 2019) Cidney Ribeiro Vieira; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Kalinny Patrícia Vaz Lafayette; Débora Maria da Silva
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo consiste em identificar os fatores de maior influência da geração dos RCC, assim como diagnosticar a gestão dos resíduos nos canteiros de obras da cidade de Recife-PE. A identificação dos fatores de influência se deu através do levantamento de informações por meio de entrevistas e aplicação de questionários com os responsáveis de 35 obras. Em 15 obras foi realizado um diagnóstico da gestão dos resíduos, identificando fisicamente os métodos utilizados para gerenciar os fluxos gerados. Os fatores influenciadores indicaram como principais aspectos relacionados à geração dos RCC, o sobreconsumo de materiais, complexidade e alteração nos projetos, além dos processos construtivos envolvidos. O diagnóstico realizado da gestão dos RCC mostrou que 15 obras não tinham dados completos de geração de resíduos; 8 obras possuíam certificação ISO 14001, sendo que estas tinham uma forma mais eficaz de gestão dos RCC em relação as que não eram certificadas. Os resultados permitem observar que existe desconhecimento sobre o consumo dos materiais e produção de resíduos dentro dos canteiros. Uma adequada avaliação permitirá um melhor desempenho destas empresas, não apenas no aspecto ambiental, mas também na sobrevivência das mesmas empresas, criando empreendimentos de sucesso.
Análisis bibliométrico del Journal Boliviano de Ciencias de 2019 a 2022
(2022) Edson Gastón Montaño Bautista; Daysi Lidia Iñiguez Calveti; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha
In recent years, the Journal Boliviano de Ciencias (JBC) has implemented changes to improve its editorial process. In this sense, this study aims to present a bibliometric review of the last years published (2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022). The methodology consisted of the analysis of the database of the journal that includes title, keywords, specialty area, type of document, institution, number of authors and references per article. The results show that the published papers are of national and local scope, corresponding to the area of Civil engineering, for the most part; however, in recent years the international contribution has increased.
Análisis comparativo entre los programas Agisoft PhotoScan y Pix4Dmapper para la identificación de fallas en pavimento flexible usando Vehículos Aéreos No Tripulados (VANTs)
(2021) Adriana Karen Fernández-Dávalos; Camila Liliana Saavedra-Téllez; José Ramiro Muñoz-Pardo; Juan Pablo Ramos-Machuca; Nahúm Gamalier Cayo Chileno; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha
Resumen: En los ltimos aos, los Vehculos Areos No Tripulados (VANTs) han adquirido diversas aplicaciones en la ingeniera civil, entre ellas la inspeccin de infraestructuras. El objetivo del presente artculo es comparar los ortomosaicos obtenidos en los programas Pix4Dmapper y Agisoft Photoscan, considerando los aspectos tcnicos y el error en la deteccin de defectos en pavimento flexible. La metodologa se desarroll en tres etapas: seleccin de un tramo vial con deterioro, identificando seis defectos; toma de datos en campo y de forma digital (VANT), para este ltimo se consider un horario (10 a.m.) y tres alturas (20, 30 y 40 m), y procesamiento digital de las imgenes en ambos programas. Los resultados muestran que la calidad de los ortomosaicos generados es semejante y, en la deteccin de errores, se reporta que no existe diferencias estadsticamente significativas entre las medias. Si bien ambos programas proporcionan resultados similares y permiten la deteccin de defectos en pavimento flexible, el programa Pix4Dmapper es ms eficiente en tiempo de procesamiento y tamao de archivo.
Análisis de la variabilidad horaria para la detección de daños en pavimentos flexibles usando termografía infrarroja
(2020) Marina Pacara Copa; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Jahel Sarvia Ledezma Perez
En este trabajo se discute el rango horario para optimizar e interpretar los resultados de la termografía infrarroja cuando es utilizada en la detección de daños de pavimentos flexibles. Se realizó un seguimiento de 14 horas continuas (5:00 a.m. a 7:00 p.m.) para cuatro zonas de estudio en una avenida céntrica de la ciudad de Cochabamba, Bolivia. El seguimiento evidenció un rango horario óptimo para la toma de imágenes termográficas de 11:00 a.m. hasta las 4:00 p.m.; también se constató la visualización del deterioro mediante la colorimetría diferenciada en los termogramas a diferentes horas. Este ensayo permite localizar las áreas en las que se puede efectuar una inspección detallada. Como limitante se tiene su sensibilidad a cambios en las condiciones ambientales.
Análisis de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas del residuo de caucho de neumático como reemplazo parcial del agregado fino en el hormigón
(University of the Bío-Bío, 2022) Luz Adriana Fernandez-Torrez; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Nahúm Gamalier Cayo Chileno
The objective of this study is to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of concrete with waste tire rubber (WTR) as a partial substitute for sand, considering local materials from the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia, to promote a circular economy. The sand was replaced by WTR (in volume) in four percentages: 0% (reference), 5%, 10%, and 20%, evaluating its mechanical properties (resistance to compression, traction, and bending) and physical properties (specific mass, water absorption, and void index). The results indicate that there is a tendency to decrease with a higher percentage of WTR, both for mechanical resistance and for physical properties, except for the mixture with 5% WTR, which had results comparable to concrete with natural sand. WTR can be used in the local production of concrete up to 5% without compromising its mechanical and physical properties, in addition to having a sustainable approach.
Analysis of concrete mechanical properties when adding type-E glass fibers
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2023) Marialaura Herrera Rosas; Nahúm Gamalier Cayo Chileno; Alejandra Araoz Campos; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha
Bloques prensados de suelo-cemento como alternativa ecológica frente a los ladrillos tradicionales de arcilla cocida
(2019) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Nataly Andrea Zapata Ampuero; Marialaura Herrera Rosas; Willam Murillo Borda; Giovanni Galindo Añez
La producción de ladrillos de arcilla cocida de forma artesanal todavía es realizada y ampliamente extendida, especialmente en países en vías de desarrollo; sin embargo, esta práctica consume varios recursos naturales y genera emisiones dióxido de carbono (CO), afectando negativamente al medio ambiente y la comunidad. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar las características de los bloques de suelo-cemento como una alternativa ecológica, comparándolos con los ladrillos tradicionales de arcilla cocida. Para tal motivo, se fabricaron un total de 105 bloques de suelo-cemento con diferentes contenidos de cemento (2%, 4%, 6%, 8% y 10%), lo cuales fueron sometidos a diferentes ensayos: resistencia a la compresión, absorción y durabilidad. Los resultados muestran que los bloques con 8% y 10% de cemento presentan las mejores características e incluso pueden ser utilizados para construcciones a partir de los 7 días desde su fabricación; no obstante, los bloques de 4% y 6% de cemento también pueden ser utilizados, pero a partir de los 28 días, tiempo donde desarrollan las características recomendadas.
Caracterización hidroquímica de aguas subterráneas dentro del área de cobertura del caudal Cajamarca, Bolivia
(University of Costa Rica, 2022) David Santiago Rocha Echalar; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Nahúm Gamalier Cayo Chileno
El trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar y evaluar la calidad del agua subterránea de la ciudad de Sucre, Bolivia, específicamente del área de cobertura del caudal Cajamarca. La metodología consistió inicialmente en la caracterización del área de estudio: localización, topografía, geología, marco hidrológico, hidrogeológico y precipitación pluvial. Posteriormente, se seleccionaron y tomaron muestras de siete pozos (P1-P7). Se realizaron los análisis microbiológicos, organolépticos, químicos e hidrogeoquímicos, además de la evaluación para su uso en el área agrícola. Fueron considerados los requisitos mínimos del control de la calidad del agua para consumo humano de la Norma Boliviana 512, Ley Nº 1333 del Medio Ambiente y las guías para la calidad de agua potable de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Los resultados demuestran que todos los pozos cumplen con los requerimientos establecidos en los parámetros químicos. Sin embargo, los siete pozos se ven comprometidos en la caracterización microbiológica y organoléptica. Respecto al análisis hidrogeoquímico se observa que la mayoría de las muestras pertenecen al grupo Na+-HCO3- con un contenido iónico relativamente elevado. Por otra parte, sólo los P2 y P7 son aptos para uso agrícola; mientras que, los P3 y P4 pueden ser empleadas bajo ciertas condiciones. Si bien la explotación de aguas subterráneas puede ser una alternativa a la demanda de agua, se debe realizar un análisis detallado de sus características y, si fuera necesario, un tratamiento para su uso.
Comparative Evaluation of Grids for the Detection of Internal Defects in Concrete Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity: Experimental Approach
(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2025) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Willam Murillo Borda; Marialaura Herrera Rosas; Nahúm Gamalier Cayo Chileno
This study evaluates the efficacy of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) testing in detecting internal defects in concrete through an experimental comparison of various measurement grid configurations and concrete compressive strengths. Concrete blocks measuring 60×60×20 cm were fabricated with simulated internal defects created using polystyrene plates. UPV testing was performed in direct transmission mode to identify and quantify defective areas. Measurement grids with densities of 2.5×2.5 cm, 5×5 cm, and 10×10 cm were utilized, and three compressive strength levels were analyzed: 21 MPa (C21), 25 MPa (C25), and 30 MPa (C30). The findings reveal that the 2.5×2.5 cm grid is the most effective for detecting defects, offering an accurate differentiation of internal variations within the concrete, particularly in higher-strength mixtures. In contrast, less dense grids exhibited greater variability in measurements and reduced sensitivity to smaller defects (6.25 cm2). The selection of grid density should carefully balance the need for precision with practical constraints, such as time and resources. Complementing UPV testing with other nondestructive testing (NDT) methods is recommended to achieve a more comprehensive evaluation of concrete integrity.
Comportamiento térmico de mampostería de bloques de yeso hidrófugo con variación del espesor de revestimiento
(Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception, 2020) José Reginaldo de Arruda Cavalcanti; Pedro Igor Bezerra Batista; Yêda Vieira Póvoas; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha
The present research has the objective of analysing the influence of the ceramic coatings simulating the external side, and in gypsum, with different thicknesses, simulating the internal side of a masonry prototype of block seal of solid waterproof gypsum, seeking to improve the thermal performance mainly in the block joints of the block. For this, two specific test methods were used: the thermal chamber and the infrared thermography. We sought to analyse the temperature differences between the internal and external surfaces, by means of thermocouples connected in the middle of the prototype and the mapping of the temperature profile on the surface of the coating. It was verified that the addition of gypsum coatings plus ceramic improves the thermal performance of the sealing system. Noting that the thickness variation of gypsum mortar provides a gain in thermal resistance, reduction in thermal transmittance and gain in thermal capacity.
Compressive Behaviour of Square CFDST Short Columns with Double Inner Steel Tubes
(Trans Tech Publications, 2022) Fernando Palacios Galarza; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha
This study focuses on the experimental analysis of concrete-filled double-skin tubular (CFDST) short columns with double circular inner steel tubes under concentric axial loading. This cross-section layout promises to increase the ductile behavior of the compressive element and its energy absorption capacity, not to mention its ultimate axial strength. This research analyses main twofold variables: (i) Hollow ratio and (ii) eccentricity ratio (i.e., distance ratio between the inner tube’s separation and the sandwiched concrete width). As a result, load Vs. Axial deformation, load Vs. Axial strain curves, ductility index, strength index, energy absorption capacity, and ultimate axial capacity formulae for square CFDST columns with double circular inner tubes are reported. Key findings of this study show that (a) ductility is an intrinsic property of these types of sections; (b) the variation effect of hollow ratio influence inversely in the confined concrete strength of the element, (c) Eccentricity ratio has proved to be the least ultimate strength capacity influencer. However, its impact increases when it is jointly analyzed with the hollow ratio values. (d) The formulae proposed for predicting the ultimate capacity of CFDST columns showed good agreement with the experimental results. Thus, these expressions could be extended to the design of composite CFDST elements, provided a resistance factor based on a reliability analysis is incorporated.
Compressive Strength Assessment of Soil–Cement Blocks Incorporated with Waste Tire Steel Fiber
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2022) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Fernando Palacios Galarza; Nahúm Gamalier Cayo Chileno; Marialaura Herrera Rosas; Sheyla Perez Peñaranda; Luis Ledezma Diaz; Rodrigo Pari Abasto
The rapid growth in waste tire disposal has become a severe environmental concern in recent decades. Recycling rubber and steel fibers from wasted tires as construction materials helps counteract this imminent environmental crisis, mainly improving the performance of cement-based materials. Consequently, the present article aims to evaluate the potential use of waste tire steel fibers (i.e., WTSF) incorporated in the manufacture of soil-cement blocks, considering their compressive resistance as a primary output variable of comparison. The experimental methodology applied in this study comprised the elaboration of threefold mixtures of soil-cement blocks, all of them with 10% by weight in Portland cement, but with different volumetric additions of WTSF (i.e., 0%, 0.75%, and 1.5%). The assessment's outcomes revealed that the addition of 0.75% WTSF does not have a statistically significant influence on the compressive resistance of the samples. On the contrary, specimens with 1.5% WTSF displayed a 20% increase (on average) in their compressive strength. All the tested samples' results exhibited good agreement with the minimum requirements of the different standards considered. The compressive resistance was evaluated in the first place because it is the primary provision demanded by the specifications for applying soil-cement materials in building constructions. However, further research on the physical and mechanical properties of WTSF soil-cement blocks is compulsory; an assessment of the durability of soil-cement blocks with WTSF should also be carried out.
Construcción tradicional con tierra: estudio de caso de la comunidad de Rodeo Alto, Cochabamba-Bolivia
(2022) Alejandra Araoz Campos; Mariela Cori Yanarico; Adriana Karen Fernández Dávalos; Yessica Jhoseth Flores Aruquipa; Milenka Daniela Alvarez Quispe; Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha
Resumen: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las prcticas asociadas a la construccin de viviendas con tierra y las manifestaciones patolgicas presentes en este tipo de edificaciones, mediante un estudio de caso de la comunidad rural de Rodeo Alto, Cochabamba-Bolivia.Se utiliz un abordaje mixto: cuantitativo y cualitativo.Por un lado, fue realizada una inspeccin visual a las construcciones de la comunidad de Rodeo Alto y, por otro lado, se aplic un cuestionario a los propietarios de las viviendas visitadas.Los resultados muestran que la tierra est presente en todas las construcciones, adems de un uso mayoritario de materiales locales.El adobe y el tapial son las tcnicas ms utilizadas en la utilizacin del suelo como materia prima.Sin embargo, la humedad es la principal causa de manifestaciones patolgicas en las viviendas de la comunidad.Si bien las construcciones son funcionales, presentan una antigedad considerable y la mayora no tiene mantenimiento, situacin que puede comprometer su uso posteriormente.La utilizacin de tierra presenta un enfoque sostenible dentro de la construccin, por la utilizacin de
DETECÇÃO DE INFILTRAÇÃO DEVIDO A CAUSAS ACIDENTAIS COM TERMOGRAFIA INFRAVERMELHA: ESTUDO DE CASO
(2020) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Cynthia Firmino dos Santos; Yêda Vieira Póvoas
A infiltracao em edificacoes e um dos problemas mais frequentes e, na maioria dos casos, e produto de vazamentos em tubulacoes, defeitos de construcao, entre outros. Sua deteccao e dificil, uma vez que nao apresentam manifestacoes externas nas primeiras fases. A termografia infravermelha pode ser uma tecnica em potencial para detectar estes defeitos, uma vez que nao precisa de contato direto com a estrutura inspecionada e tem resultados em tempo real. Sendo assim, este artigo tem como objetivo a avaliacao da termografia infravermelha para detectar infiltracoes devido a causas acidentais. A metodologia do trabalho consistiu na inspecao das areas comuns de um condominio multifamilar com uma câmera termografica e o uso de um detector de umidade, de forma complementar. Os resultados permitiram comprovar que a deteccao foi possivel com gradientes termicos pequenos, em torno de 0,4°C a 1,5°C, onde as areas afetadas foram visualizadas com menor temperatura devido a inercia termica da agua. Na inspecao para verificacao de infiltracoes a tecnica apresentou rapidez na deteccao desta manifestacao patologica e pode ser utilizada, tambem, como uma ferramenta auxiliar.
Detección de delaminaciones en puentes de concreto armado usando Termografía Infrarroja
(Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, 2019) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Yêda Vieira Póvoas
The objective of this study is to evaluate the capability of infrared thermography for delamination detection in different types of concrete. This methodology was experimental, so two test concrete specimens with water/cement ratios (w/c) of 0.50 and 0.60 were prepared, and delaminations were simulated by inserting polystyrene plates (100 100 mm) with different thickness at different depths (25, 50 and 75 mm). The results show that the specimens with lower w/c ratio could detect defects more easily than the specimens with higher w/c ratio. The maximum depth of delamination detected was 50 mm with a minimum thickness of 3 mm. The results also show that morning hours are the best time for detection. However, night-time as an alternative period is presented. This technique is effective for superficial delamination detection, essentially for those elements exposed to sunlight during the day and high relative humidity in the night periods.
Detección de infiltración por causas accidentales con termografía infrarroja: estudio de caso
(University of Costa Rica, 2020) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Cynthia Firmino dos Santos; Yêda Vieira Póvoas
Infiltration in buildings is one of the most frequent problems and, in most cases, is the product of pipe leaks, construction defects, among others. Their detection is difficult, since they do not present external manifestations in the first phases. Infrared thermography may be a potential technique for detecting these defects, since it does not need direct contact with the inspected structure and has real-time results. Thus, this article aims to evaluate infrared thermography to detect infiltrations due to accidental causes. The methodology of the work consisted in the inspection of the common areas of a multifamily condominium with a thermographic camera and the use of a humidity detector, in a complementary way. The results allowed to prove that the detection was possible with small thermal gradients, around 0.4 °C to 1.5 °C, where the affected areas were visualized with lower temperature due to the thermal inertia of the water. In the inspection for infiltration verification, the technique showed a rapid detection of this pathological manifestation and can be used as an auxiliary tool
Detection of precipitation infiltration in buildings by infrared thermography: a case study
(Elsevier BV, 2018) Joaquín Humberto Aquino Rocha; Cynthia Firmino dos Santos; Yêda Vieira Póvoas
Infrared thermography has recently been used in civil work inspection to detect various types of pathological manifestations due to its speed, easy handling, and capability to cover large areas and detect hidden faults, among other advantages. The specific implementation for humidity detection in buildings still presents some uncertainties, since parameters that influence results are present, for example: mechanisms that generate humidity, specific conditions of premises being studied and constructive characteristics of the building. This work is intended to evaluate the infrared thermography technique for moisture detection originated by pluvial precipitation. In this sense, a building with pathological manifestations caused by precipitation was selected to be inspected at different times of the day in order to observe behavior of this problem during rainy season. Results showed that infrared thermography was sensitive to detect areas affected by precipitation humidity presenting lower temperatures than those sectors without any problem. Furthermore, the higher the temperature difference, the better definition of the area affected by the humidity was, thus allowing the location of potential spots. Infrared thermography was presented as an auxiliary tool for inspections, as it provided more information than a simple visual inspection; however, some factors must be considered in order for the inspection to be effective.