Browsing by Autor "Johelsy Infante"

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Abscesos periodontales y lesiones endodónticas-periodontales
(2020) Caroll Yibrín; Lorena Dávila B.; Gredy Lugo; Tabatha Rojas; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; Johelsy Infante; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
The diagnosis and management of periodontal emergencies is a common part of general dental practice. The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the available literature on periodontal abscess and endodontic periodontal lesions. Periodontal abscesses are defined as acute lesions characterized by localized accumulation of pus within the gingival wall of the periodontal pocket / groove, rapid tissue destruction and are associated with the risk of systemic dissemination. Endodontic periodontal lesions are defined by a pathological communication between pulp and periodontal tissues in a given tooth, present in acute or chronic form, and are classified according to the signs and symptoms that have a direct impact on their prognosis and treatment. Periodontal abscesses and acute presentations of endoperiodontal lesions share characteristics that differentiate them from periodontitis lesions. Periodontal abscess and endodontic periodontal lesion are common conditions in which periodontal tissues can be destroyed quickly, these conditions are among the few clinical situations in periodontics where patients can seek immediate attention. Its importance lies not only in the prognosis of the affected tooth, but also in the possibility of spreading the infection.
Cátedra de Periodoncia. Departamento de Medicina Oral.
(2015) B Lorena Dávila; Lisbeth Sosa; Johelsy Infante; A Susana Arteaga; Francisco Salvador Palacios
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that affects 2% of the population. Cutaneous lesions appear as erythematous plaques localized or generalized papules covered with white scales hyperkeratotic, oral manifestations and irregular erythematous lesions with elevated white borders, ulcerations and desquamative gingivitis. It may be asymptomatic or cause pain, burning and sensation of roughness. Its etiology is unknown, although the interaction between the immune system and environmental factors may activate T cells skin, epidermal keratinocytes, with increased cytokine and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The objective is to provide clinical evidence on the periodontal manifestations of patients with psoriasis, and reports a clinical case of a 62 year old male patient, who filed the anamnesis medical diagnosis of psoriasis, controlled systemically and presence of oral manifestations, was treated with mechanical therapy, periodontal and use of local antiseptics. At the end of 2 months of reassessment was a normal clinical characteristic of periodontal tissues. It was concluded that the oral lesions can present spontaneous remission or respond to systemic therapy, topical corticosteroids, mouthwash buccal or palliative therapy. Diagnosis and successful treatment that includes a proper control of dental plaque in patients with psoriasis allow control periodontal disease and reduce the appearance of severe injuries.
Cicatrización periodontal. Revisión de la literatura
(2017) Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante; B Lorena Dávila; Lisbeth Sosa; Elsy Jerez
El tratamiento periodontal convencional involucra procedimientos quirurgicos y no quirurgicos que se emplean con el objetivo de mejorar las condiciones periodontales en el paciente, se busca principalmente posibilitar una neoformacion previsible de los tejidos de soporte dentario, es decir, del cemento radicular, el ligamento periodontal y el hueso alveolar. Es importante conocer el proceso de cicatrizacion de los tejidos periodontales para elegir la tecnica mas adecuada en cada caso, considerando los procesos biologicos que se desencadenan con la instrumentacion de las superficies radiculares. El objetivo de este articulo es presentar una revision bibliografica de los procesos de cicatrizacion que se producen en dientes naturales e implantes cuando se aplica una terapia periodontal convencional; en esta investigacion se realizo una busqueda computarizada de literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, Biblioteca virtual en salud, Cochrane Reviews, Lilacs ademas se realizo una busqueda manual en libros de periodoncia actualizados. Finalmente, se concluye que el clinico debe poseer conocimiento de la biologia periodontal, considerando las celulas del ligamento periodontal esenciales en la regeneracion periodontal.
Clasificación de las enfermedades y condiciones periodontales y periimplantares
(2020) Gredy Lugo; Caroll Yibrín; Lorena Dávila B.; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Johelsy Infante; Susana Arteaga; Lisbeth Sosa; María Palacios
Disease classification schemes are developed to facilitate the design and application of appropriate therapeutic strategies for each case, based on evidence from clinical trials. These schemes provide a framework for the scientific study of the etiology, pathogenesis, natural history and treatment of diseases and also offer a way to organize and execute individual treatment strategies. In the World Workshop of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases, held in 2017, an official classification system for priodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions was agreed, which was published, later in 2018 in the two most prestigious journals in the area : Journal of Periodontology and Journal Clinical of Periodontology. This classification allows the development of frameworks to study the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal and peri- implant disease, in addition to providing the international community with a way of communicating in a common language. The objective of this documentary review is to make the basic aspects of the new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions available to Spanish speakers and dental professionals. The new classification system provides tools for the clinician to diagnose and treat the patient from the case definition, as well as to provide the scientist, researcher and epidemiologist with scientific bases to contribute to the development of new knowledge. However, this classification system is far from perfect and should be modified once there is enough new data to justify new revisions.
El tabaquismo y su relación con la terapia periodontal y periimplantar. Revisión de la literatura.
(2018) Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante; María Palacios
Smoking is a noncommunicable and addictive chronic disease, with possibilities of treatment and cure. In addition, it is a risk factor that compromises the general welfare of the individual and the oral health. Also, It is a risk factors for periodontal diseases such as the microbiota of the gingival sulcus, diabetes mellitus, stress, genetic factors, viral agents and smoking disease, among others. The latter is capable of perpetuating or aggravating periodontal and periimplant disease, modifying the defensive capacity of neutrophils as well as inhibiting the development of fibroblasts, the production of fibronectin and collagen. In the present article, a review is made on the current concepts of the determinant effect of the disease of smoking as a risk factor in the periodontal and periimplant tissues. A computerized search of literature was performed in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Cochrane Reviews, Redalyc, Dialnet, Lilacs databases and manual consultation in updated periodontal books. Finally, it is concluded that smoking alters healing and the response to basic and periodontal surgical treatment, as well as affecting the process of osseointegration causing bone loss around dental implants.
Enfermedad periodontal necrosante
(2020) Gredy Lugo; Xiomara Gimenéz; B Lorena Dávila; Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Caroll Yibrín; A Susana Arteaga; Lisbeth Sosa; Johelsy Infante; Francisco Salvador Palacios
Acute periodontal diseases are rapid onset clinical conditions that involve the periodontium or associated structures and are characterized by pain or discomfort, tissue destruction and infection. In contrast to most other periodontal conditions, they can cause rapid destruction of periodontal tissues, thus emphasizing the importance of rapid diagnosis and treatment. Among these conditions, the following stand out necrotizing periodontal disease. According to the International Workshop for Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions 2017 are two: Necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and Necrotizing periodontitis (NP). Necrotizing stomatitis (NE) is a more aggressive variation, which can be linked to the two entities mentioned. Necrotizing periodontal disease is an infection characterized by gingival necrosis, pain and gingival bleeding. It is considered to be an acute opportunistic gingival infection caused by dental biofilm. It appears more frequently in undernourished children and young with immunodeficiency. In its pathogenesis, there are factors related to the oral microbiota and factors associated with the host. Diagnosis is made by a clinical examination. The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature review of necrotizing periodontal disease. The clinical presentation, the course and the response to EPN therapy are specific among other periodontal diseases, so the existence of a particular clinical disease category is supported.
Enfermedades y condiciones periimplantares
(2020) Xiomara Gimenéz; Gredy Lugo; Lorena Dávila B.; Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Caroll Yibrín; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante
Dental implant therapy has been developing for decades with successful results in osseointegration, providing an excellent alternative for partial and / or total edentulism. Successes have been reported up to 90% after 15 years; however there are conditions that can lead to failure. The literature relates similarities between the tissues that surround the teeth and the peri-implant tissues, both in health and in disease, the conditions that can cause alterations in the tissues that surround the dental implants are of particular relevance. Peri-implant diseases have been classified for a time in a global consensus held in Chicago 2017, in a new era to define, diagnose and treat both peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. A review is presented describing these pathological entities, their clinical, radiographic characteristics and risk factors in order to achieve a favorable analysis.
Factores dentales y protésicos relacionados con la enfermedad periodontal
(2020) Tabatha Rojas; Gredy Lugo; B Lorena Dávila; Caroll Yibrín; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; A Susana Arteaga; Francisco Salvador Palacios; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante
This work aims to conduct a review of dental and prosthetic factors related to periodontal diseases. According to scientific evidence, the location of restoration margins within the junction epithelium and the insertion of supracrestal connective tissue may be associated with gingival inflammation and a potential recession. On the other hand, the anatomical factors of the tooth, root anomalies and fractures can act as retentive factors of dental biofilm that increase the probability of gingival or periodontal diseases. In conclusion, although the etiology of periodontal disease is mainly bacterial, the factors that promote the accumulation of dental biofilm or allow the entry of bacteria into the periodontium should be considered in the classification and diagnosis of periodontal diseases. Several factors related to tooth / root anatomy and restorative considerations have been associated with gingival inflammation, insertion loss and bone loss. However, the evidence especially related to the biological mechanisms by which these factors affect the periodontium are inconclusive. This highlights the need for additional studies and adequate periodontal evaluation.
Fuerzas oclusales traumáticas y su efecto en el periodonto
(2020) Caroll Yibrín; Tabatha Rojas; Gredy Lugo; Lorena Dávila B.; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; Johelsy Infante; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
Traumatic occlusal forces and periodontitis are two factors that cause periodontal destruction. Various investigations have been conducted on the relationship between occlusal forces and periodontitis, however, the role of traumatic occlusal forces at the onset and progression of periodontitis remains a controversial issue in periodontology. A committee organized by the American Academy of Periodontics (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontics (FEP) was responsible for updating the classification of periodontal diseases in 1999 and developing a new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases. This review article analyzes the effects of traumatic occlusal forces on the periodontium, the onset and progression of periodontitis, abfraction and gingival recession, presenting some definitions of interest and treatment of traumatic occlusal forces.
Gingivitis inducida por biopelícula dental y enfermedades gingivales no inducidas por biopelícula dental
(2020) Lorena Dávila B.; Ilusión Romero; Gredy Lugo; Xiomara Gimenéz; Tabatha Rojas; Caroll Yibrín; Lisbeth Sosa; Johelsy Infante; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
The objective of this review is to know the scientific evidences that allow to establish the bases of the changes applied to the classification of the diseases and conditions that affect the periodontium of protection so that the diagnosis is based on the definition of cases. The information provided provides useful diagnostic, prevention, therapeutic and epidemiological strategies for clinicians and researchers in order to diagnose and properly manage the patient. Common clinical features of gingival conditions induced by biofilm include: a) clinical signs and symptoms of inflammation limited to the gum, b) reversibility of inflammation by removing or altering the biofilm, c) presence of a high biofilm load bacterial to initiate inflammation; d) modifying factors that can alter the severity of inflammation and e) stable levels of insertion, over a periodontium that may or may not have a history of insertion loss or alveolar bone. The simplified taxonomy of gingival conditions includes: 1) introduction of the term “incipient gingivitis”; 2) description of the extent and severity of gingival inflammation; 3) description of the extent and severity of gingival enlargement; 4) reduction of the categories of taxonomy of plaque-induced gingival disease; 5) use of the term necrotizing diseases to encompass gingivitis, periodontitis and stomatitis necrotizing, 6) consideration of linear erythema as oral candidiasis; 7) creation of a more complete nomenclature of pathologies related to non-biofilm-induced diseases that includes the International Code of Diseases ICD-10. In conclusion, biofilm-induced gingivitis is classified by site, in an intact periodontium and in a reduced periodontium. According to its extension, it is classified as localized with SS =10% and =30%, without insertion loss or radiographic bone loss and generalized with SS> 30%, without insertion loss or radiographic bone loss. In the periodontium the first signs of undiagnosed systemic diseases and conditions can be reflected, as well as oral manifestations of some pathologies. Biofilm control in systemic patients is essential to prevent complications.
Influencia genética Árabe en morfología radicular dental: Mucuchíes colonial (XVII-XIX), Venezuela
(2025) Serrano Pineda; E. Montes; Franlet Araque-Castellanos; Johelsy Infante; Carlos Garcia-Sivoli
Un estudio de 47 incisivos laterales inferiores coloniales (XVII-XIX) en Mucuchíes, Venezuela, reveló 34,04% con segundos conductos (tipo III Vertucci). Esta frecuencia, similar a poblaciones mediterráneas/Oriente Próximo (26,5-39%) y superior a indígenas (11,6-16,75%), sugiere influencia genética árabe en migrantes ibéricos por la ocupación islámica peninsular (711-1492 d.C.). La morfología dental ayuda a reconstruir migraciones y mestizaje.
Prevalencia de enfermedades y condiciones sistémicas en pacientes atendidos en la clínica de periodoncia de la facultad de odontología de la Universidad de Los Andes durante el período 2009-2014
(2020) Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Lorena Dávila B.; María Palacios; Johelsy Infante; Susana Arteaga
The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases is influenced by various host factors, including the immune response, determined by the genetic profile and modified by the environment and behavior of the individual. Periodontal diseases and certain systemic disorders share a genetic etiology and / or similar environmental factors, therefore, affected individuals may show manifestations of both diseases. It is of clinical and public health importance, to have Venezuela’s own information regarding the prevalence of systemic diseases and conditions, and their relationship with periodontal pathologies. For this reason, the objective of this descriptive research of retrospective design was to determine the prevalence of systemic diseases and conditions in patients treated at the Periodontics Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Los Andes (FOULA) during the period covered between 2009 and 2014. 1627 medical records were selected that met the inclusion criteria. A descriptive statistical analysis was carried out using frequency distribution tables. An important prevalence of systemic diseases and conditions were found, such as diabetes, heart disease, kidney failure and rheumatoid arthritis, among others, in possible association with periodontal disease.
Rasgo dental “Premolar Tricúspide” en un cráneo de época prehispánica (siglos II a.c., siglo IV d.c.), cementerio de “Las Locas”, Quibor (estado Lara, Venezuela)
(2017) Carlos García; Gerson Reyes; María Palacios; Johelsy Infante; Ingeborg París; Alejandro Padilla; Carla David; Fernando Rincón; Yimaira Gamboa; Edgar Guillermo Rodríguez Guevara
Los premolares superiores poseen dentro su cara oclusal, dos cuspides bien definidas, caracteristica determinante para su descripcion morfologica como grupo bicuspide. Dentro de este grupo se pueden encontrar diferentes variables morfologicas, las cuales pueden ser de gran utilidad en los estudios filogeneticos poblacionales. Una de esas variables es reportada en la literatura como premolar tricuspide. En la presente comunicacion se reporta la posible presencia de este rasgo dental en un primer premolar superior, perteneciente a un craneo de epoca prehispanica (siglos II a.C.-IV d.C.), cementerio de “Las Locas”, Quibor, Edo. Lara, Venezuela. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar macroscopica y radiograficamente el rasgo en cuestion. Para el estudio del rasgo dental se utilizo el sistema dental antropologico de la Universidad del Estado de Arizona (ASUDAS). El examen radiografico del diente consistio en la toma de radiografias periapicales. Con el apoyo de una lupa estereoscopica se examino la disposicion de los elementos morfologicos de la cara oclusal. En los resultados obtenidos, se aprecia lo siguiente: de acuerdo a la metodologia ASUDAS podria guardar correspondencia con el grado 1 (presencia) del rasgo premolar tricuspide. En el estudio radiografico se observo una linea radiolucida bien definida compatible con la presencia de una ranura de division coronal.
Relación entre periodontitis y enfermedades sistémicas según la nueva clasificación de enfermedades periodontales y periimplantares
(2020) Ilusión Romero; Xiomara Gimenéz; Gredy Lugo; Lorena Dávila B.; Caroll Yibrín; Tabatha Rojas; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Lisbeth Sosa; Susana Arteaga; Johelsy Infante
Periodontitis is an infectious disease characterized by inflammation mediated by the host’s immune system and that is associated with specific microorganisms, resulting in the loss of periodontal insertion. This immune response may vary in each person; and if the organism is affected by some systemic disease, the periodontium may present manifestations of said disease. The objective is to review the proposed new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and compare it with that of 1999, in relation to the association of periodontitis and systemic diseases. The findings obtained were diseases and systemic conditions that affect the periodontal insertion apparatus are distributed in three large groups. In the first one there are rare diseases that have a greater impact on the insertion apparatus, resulting in an early presentation of severe periodontitis, in the second they describe the conditions that have a moderate impact on the severity of periodontitis that have shown a increased prevalence and severity of the disease, but they do not have a specific clinical presentation that differentiates them from chronic periodontitis and ultimately the conditions that can cause the destruction of periodontal insertion independent of dental biofilm-induced periodontitis develop. In conclusion it can be pointed out that the new classification allows to identify in greater depth according to periodontal pathology, the severity of the systemic manifestation.
Repercusión periodontal de las deformidades y condiciones mucogingivales
(2020) Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Lorena Dávila B.; Gredy Lugo; Caroll Yibrín; Xiomara Gimenéz; Susana Arteaga; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante; Lisbeth Sosa
Las condiciones mucogingivales han sido objeto de estudio en el area de la periodoncia desde las primeras decadas del siglo XX, actualmente estan incluidas en la clasificacion de las enfermedades periodontales como otras condiciones que pueden afectar el periodonto. Se propuso realizar una revision bibliografica de la clasificacion actual y compararla con la del ano 1999. Esta nueva clasificacion amplia el analisis de las recesiones gingivales y la falta de tejido queratinizado. Asimismo, ofrece la posibilidad de mejorar la orientacion con respecto al tratamiento, debido a que se analizan diversos factores como el espesor gingival, ancho gingival, presencia de lesiones cervicales no cariosas, hipersensibilidad dentinaria y por primera vez se toma en cuenta la percepcion estetica que tiene el paciente, aplicando el Indice de Sonrisa Estetica. Tambien se incluye el termino condicion mucogingival normal y se actualiza la definicion de deformidades mucogingivales y recesion gingival. Se concluyo que la nueva clasificacion de las recesiones gingivales esta basada en la perdida de insercion interproximal y combina parametros clinicos, incluido el fenotipo gingival y las caracteristicas de la superficie radicular expuesta, buscando obtener mejores resultados en el tratamiento.
Salud periodontal y salud gingival
(2020) Lorena Dávila B.; Caroll Yibrín; Gredy Lugo; Tabatha Rojas; Ilusión Romero; Xiomara Gimenéz; Johelsy Infante; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
This work aims to establish an updated vision of health based on the definitions proposed by the 2017 Workshop consensus “Classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions” and in this way allow to understand the context under which it should be evaluated health, to be the premise of the diagnosis and planning of periodontal treatment. This analysis is important for the absence of bleeding, indicates absence of clinical inflammation, so it is essential to know and apply the clinical parameters recommended by the consensus, as well as to keep in mind that there are conditions that can mask or exaggerate the bleeding where The determinants of health and disease that may be present in the individual, responsible for the severity, extent and progression of the disease should be evaluated. The restoration of health is due to the allostatic conditions of each patient, taking into account that there is an individuality present, in the case definition and in the treatment planning. In conclusion, health should be evaluated from the site and from the patient. Health according to the site is classified in clinical gingival health in intact periodontium and clinical gingival health in reduced periodontium (patient with stable periodontitis and patient without periodontitis). The risk factors must be controlled from the patient. A case of biofilm-induced gingivitis is classified according to site integrity in biofilm-induced gingivitis in intact periodontium and reduced periodontium.