Preprints Académicos

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Trabajos académicos difundidos antes o en paralelo a publicación formal con revisión de pares. Cada documento lleva la etiqueta PREPRINT.

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 1281

Phlébotomes de Bolivie : 4. Lutzomyia (Trichophoromyia) beniensis, n.sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae)
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1987) François Le Pont; P. Desjeux
Phlébotomes de Bolivie : 6. Description de Lutzomyia (Trichopygomyia) gantieri n.sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae)
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1987) François Le Pont; P. Desjeux
Phlébotomes de Bolivie : 3. Description de Lutzomyia andersonis n.sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae)
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1988) François Le Pont; P. Desjeux
Phlébotomes de Bolivie : 9. Distribution géographique et écologique des phlébotomes anthropophiles sur un transect : Andes-Amazonie
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1990) François Le Pont; Jean Mouchet; P. Desjeux; J.P. Dedet
Budget Institutions and Fiscal Performance in Latin America
(1996) Alberto Alesina; Ricardo Hausmann; Rudolf Hommes; Ernesto Stein
In this paper we collect detailed information on the budget institutions of Latin American countries. We classify these institutions on a `hierarchical'/'collegial' scale, as a function of their transparency and the existence of legislative constraints on the deficit. We then show that `hierarchical' and transparent procedures have been associated with more fiscal discipline in Latin America in the eighties and early nineties.
Circulation and behaviour of two major clones of Trypanosoma cruzi in Bolivian cycles
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1996) Simone Frédérique Brénière; Marie-France Bosseno; François Noireau
International audience
Nuevos datos sobre la ocupación prehispánica de los Andes meridionales de Potosí
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1997) Patrice Lecoq; Ricardo Céspedes
International audience
Criminis: Estudio comparativo de tipos de delitos cometidos por influencia del factor económico en dos estratos sociales (zona sur-El Alto)
(Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas, 1999) Ballivian Ticona, Henry
La situación predominante en este trabajo de investigación es demostrar algunas diferencias entre hechos delictivos dentro de diferentes calses económicas y por ende sociales, es decir llegar al problema capital de las características de delitos cometidos en sectores adinerados.
Driven Tunneling: Chaos and Decoherence
(1999) Peter Hänggi; Sigmund Kohler; Thomas Dittrich
Chaotic tunneling in a driven double-well system is investigated in absence as well as in the presence of dissipation. As the constitutive mechanism of chaos-assisted tunneling, we focus on the dynamics in the vicinity of three-level crossings in the quasienergy spectrum. The coherent quantum dynamics near the crossing is described satisfactorily by a three-state model. It fails, however, for the corresponding dissipative dynamics, because incoherent transitions due to the interaction with the environment indirectly couple the three states in the crossing to the remaining quasienergy states. The asymptotic state of the driven dissipative quantum dynamics partially resembles the, possibly strange, attractor of the corresponding damped driven classical dynamics, but also exhibits characteristic quantum effects.
Détermination de l'épaisseur des glaciers de Sarennes (Alpes) et de Chacaltaya (Bolivie) par prospection radar au sol à 50 MHz
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1999) M. Descloitres; R. Guerin; E. Ramirez; R. Gallaire; Pierre Ribstein; F. Valla
The ice thickness measurement with a terrestrial radar (50megaHertz) was first tested on the glacier-laboratory of Sarennes incomparison with of preceding field campaign with a lower frequency radar), in the French Alps.,Later this technic was successfully used on the glacier of Chacaltaya in Bolivia. The results of the two series of results are presented and discussed. / La mesure des épaisseurs de glace avec un radar terrestre à 50 MHz a été d'abord mise au point sur le glacier-laboratoire de Sarennes (comparaison avec de précédentes mesures faites avec un radar à plus basse fréquence), dans les Alpes françaises, puis mise en oeuvre avec succès sur le glacier de Chacaltaya en Bolivie. Les résultats des deux campagnes de mesure sont présentés et discutés.
Régionalisation du bassin bolivien Amazonien : les hydro-écorégions de la zone des Andes
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1999) J.G. Wasson; B. Barrère
[Notes_IRSTEA]Numéro spécial "Memorias del congreso Boliviano de Limonologia y recursos acuaticos [Departement_IRSTEA]GMA [TR1_IRSTEA]12 - MILEAU / HYDRECO
Quantum information processing in semiconductor nanostructures
(Cornell University, 2000) John H. Reina; Luis Quiroga; Neil F. Johnson
A major question for condensed matter physics is whether a solid-state quantum computer can ever be built. Here we discuss two different schemes for quantum information processing using semiconductor nanostructures. First, we show how optically driven coupled quantum dots can be used to prepare maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by varying the strength and duration of selective light pulses. The setup allows us to perform an all-optical generation of the quantum teleportation of an excitonic state in an array of coupled quantum dots. Second, we give a proposal for reliable implementation of quantum logic gates and long decoherence times in a quantum dots system based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), where the nuclear resonance is controlled by the ground state transitions of few-electron QDs in an external magnetic field. The dynamical evolution of these systems in the presence of environmentally-induced decoherence effects is also discussed.
Les chemins incas de Cochabamba
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2000) D. Pereira Herrera
Entre 1460 et 1530 la region de Cochabamba, en Bolivie, a ete le temoin de l'expansion economique inca. Sous les regnes de Tupac et de Huayna Capac, une infrastructure routiere tres sophistiquee fut construite : les relais, forteresses, temples... permirent d'assurer le developpement de leur economie et de la vie quotidienne. L'A nous donne donc ici un apercu de cette expansion sociale, politique et economique.
Local environmental control and institutional crowding-out
(Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2000) Juan-Camilo Cárdenas; John K. Stranlund; Cleve E. Willis
Regulations that are designed to improve social welfare typically begin with the premise that individuals are purely self-interested. Therefore, in a situation in which private and social interests diverge, it should be possible to bring about a welfare improvement by imposing rules that provide the necessary incentives for more socially efficient choices. However, experimental evidence shows that individuals do not typically behave as if they are purely selfinterested; they tend to make choices that strike a balance between self and group interests. From experiments performed in several villages in Colombia, we found that a regulatory solution for an environmental dilemma that standard theory predicts would improve social welfare clearly did not. This surprising result occurred because individuals confronted with an external regulation began to exhibit less other-regarding behavior and, instead, made choices that were more consistent with pure self interests; that is, the regulation itself appeared to crowd out otherregarding behavior. The implication is that a policy design aimed simply at establishing incentives that move purely self-interested individuals toward more efficient choices will not necessarily improve social efficiency if the institution itself lessens civic-mindedness and encourages more selfish behavior. Keywords: Institutional Crowding-Out, External Regulation, Local Environmental Quality, Experiments, South America, Colombia 1.
Criminis: Delitos en los que existen causas afectivas y/o emocionales
(Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas, 2000) Andrade Ramos, José A.
La conducta delictiva se da de manera concreta, por la influencia del medio social en el que se desarrolla el individuo, y los factores internos psíquicos y en ocaciones biológicos. También la conducta delictiva se exterioriza en la relación con la víctima en el lugar, y en una fecha determinada. Estos datos que deben considerarse para interpretar y analizar la conducta delictiva, y cobran especial importancia en los delitos en los que existen causas afectivas o emocionales.
Hydro-ecoregions of the Bolivian Amazon: a geographical framework for the functioning of river ecosystems
(2002) J.G. Wasson; Silvia Eugenia Barrera Berdugo; B. Barrère; Delphine Binet; D. Collomb; Isabel E. Gonzales; F. Gourdin; Jean‐Loup Guyot; Giovanna Rocabado
We present in this chapter the regional approach of the BIOBAB project, whose aim was to define homogeneous regions as regards the ecological functioning of running waters. The approach consisted of identifying at different hierarchical levels the ecohydrological links between physical control factors and ecosystem structures. Such an approach should provide a global outlook of the natural diversity of aquatic ecosystems in the basin, and by understanding the distribution of the main functional types, to allow some spatial prediction of their most important physical characteristics and associated biota. We shall define, map, and briefly describe the "hydro-ecoregions" of the Bolivian Amazonian basin and present some important aquatic ecosystem characteristics about morphology, hydro-chemistry, and fish and invertebrate communities in the Andean zone. This work is the first attempt to regionalize running water ecosystems in South America, with the end objective to provide a geographical frame for management and conservation. / Nous présentons dans ce chapitre l'approche régionale du projet BIOBAB, dont le but était de définir des régions homogènes par rapport au fonctionnement écologique des eaux courantes. L'approche consiste à identifier à différents niveaux hiérarchiques les liens hydroécologiques entre les facteurs de contrôle physiques et les structures des écosystèmes. Une telle approche devrait fournir des perspectives globales sur la diversité naturelle des écosystèmes aquatiques au niveau du bassin, et par la compréhension de la distribution des principaux types fonctionnels, devrait permettre des prédictions spatiales de leurs plus importantes caractéristiques physiques et des peuplements associés. Nous définirons, cartographierons, et décrirons brièvement les "hydro-écoregions" du bassin Amazonien Bolivien et présenterons certaines caractéristiques importantes des écosystèmes aquatiques concernant la morphologie, l'hydro-chimie, et les communautés de poissons et d'invertébrés de la zone andine. Ce travail est la première tentative de régionalisation des écosystèmes d'eau courante en Amérique du Sud, avec pour objectif final de fournir un cadre géographique pour la gestion et la conservation.
A Dynamic Analysis of Household Decision-Making in Urban Colombia, 1976-1998: Changes in Household Structure, Human Capital and its Returns, and Female Labor Force Participation
(2002) Fabio Sánchez Torres; Jairo Núñez
The objective of this paper is to examine the changes and dynamics of household structure, human capital and the returns to education, labor earnings, women's labor force participation and investment in human capital. The approach used in the analysis is the so-called "cohort technique," which consists of following across time men and women born in the same year or year spell. The main sources of information for this work are the quarterly Household Surveys beginning in 1976. With such information a database of more than 6 million observations (workers, parents, children, etc.) was constructed. The research results show that the number of children of the younger parents has drastically decreased.
Decentralization and Bailouts in Colombia
(2002) Roberto Steiner; Carolina Rentería; Juan José Echavarría
This paper examines the decentralization process in Colombia, particularly as it relates to reforms embodied in the 1991 Constitution, and the bailouts of territorial entities that have occurred in subsequent years as a result of perverse incentive structures. The paper provides a summary of the basic features of the decentralization process in Colombia, including an analysis of revenue and expenditure assignments, the intergovernmental transfer system and recent developments in terms of territorial indebtedness. Specific case studies involve the determinants of three types of bailouts by the central government to territorial entities: the provision of soft loans to be used by departments to restructure their finances, the bailout of territorial entitities' education expenditures, and the Medellin Metro. The paper concludes with lessons learned and policy recommendations.
High Inequality, Low Revenue: Redistributive Efficiency on Latin American Fiscal Policy in Comparative Perspective
(2002) John Scott
There are three principal redistributive fiscal instruments available to governments in modern mixed economies: a) progressive taxes on income or assets, b) monetary transfers (social security and social assistance), and c) non- monetary transfers, or the subsidized provision of goods and services.
Partager Des Modèles Xml : Quel Intérêt ?
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2003) Abderrazak Mkadmi; Nasreddine Bouhaï; Marc Langlois
Apparu en réponse au besoin d’interaction et de coopération entre des systèmes d’information hétérogènes utilisant jusqu’alors des structures de données largement incompatibles entre elles, XML (Extensible Markup Language, langage de balisage extensible) a pour objectif de devenir le format privilégié de l’échange de documents – et plus généralement d’informations – en milieu ouvert.

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