Artículo Científico (Preprint)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://andeanlibrary.org/handle/123456789/1091

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Exploring inter- and transdisciplinary research on land use under climate change in the tropical Andes of Quito: the role of landscape history and local knowledge
(2025) Elisabeth Dietze; Ann-Kathrin Volmer; Alejandra Valdés‐Uribe; Liseth Pérez; Michał Słowiński; Elizabeth Velarde; Jessica Budds; Natalia Carpintero; Andrea Carrión; Lisa Feist
Global challenges resulting from climate change, resource depletion, and land use change require local solutions that acknowledge the configuration and history of its landscapes and the related social-ecological processes. Particularly sensitive to climate change are high-mountain tropical regions. The Andean ecoregion, where Ecuador&#8217;s capital Quito is located, is home to c. 3 million people and host globally-important biodiversity hotspots. These include near-urban cloud forest remnants and unique p&#225;ramo grasslands, characterized by their organic rich soils and water storage capacity of utmost importance for irrigation and drinking water in rural and urban areas.We would like to discuss how we explored the potential to: 1) initiate inter- and transdisciplinary research on land use and landscape dynamics under global and local change, and 2) co-design this research by identifying the most pressing subtopics in the area surrounding Quito. Our research team includes researchers from Ecuadorian, German, and Polish research institutions as well as members of NGOs. Within these group, we had two in-person, a few online meetings and a three-week field visit that included two community-oriented workshops in summer 2024. We exchanged scientific and local perspectives, including those from community and NGO contexts, on &#8220;landscape&#8221; as a potential conceptual framework. Discussions focused on methodologies on &#8220;how to research together&#8221; and the exchange of knowledge on human and natural history, all within the context of a decolonial/political ecology framework.We furthermore explored lakes and sedimentary deposits as archives for historical landscape dynamics, land use change and their transformation over time, as well as current ecosystem functioning using vegetation surveys with state-of-the-art remote sensing and field mapping. As a result, we identified future study areas and pressing topics that our inter- and transdisciplinary research can focus on, i.e., wildfires that intensify under climate change, water quality, soil erosion and volcanic eruption risks. With this initial phase of transdisciplinary research, we recognize high potential to co-create actionable knowledge that addresses the interconnectedness between societal and natural (or more-than-human) systems, and to contribute to tackling ongoing and future land use challenges in the tropical Andes.
FICHAS PEDAGÓGICAS PARA LA EDUCACIÓN REMOTA DE EMERGENCIA EN ESCUELAS MULTIGRADO
(2022) Miguel Ángel Herrera-Pavo; María Gladys Cochancela Patiño; Julio Rodolfo Uyaguari Fernández
Durante la educación remota de emergencia causada por la pandemia de COVID-19, el Ministerio de Educación de Ecuador ordenó las actividades educativas en torno a fichas pedagógicas que recogieran elementos priorizados del currículo nacional. El objetivo es analizar cómo las fichas entraron en acción en las instituciones educativas, revisando qué tipo de prácticas surgieron en torno a ellas. Se emplea el método praxiológico y la caja de herramientas de la Teoría del Actor-Red a partir de material etnográfico recogido en escuelas multigrado del cantón Gualaceo, en la provincia de Azuay. Los resultados describen los entramados sociotécnicos creados a partir de la introducción de las fichas pedagógicas y cómo estas se convierten en un poderoso token que ordena los procesos educativos. Se concluye que el poder de traducción de la red generada en torno a las fichas pedagógicas hizo que estas se constituyeran en referentes para el control del proceso de aprendizaje y de la acción docente desde las instancias administrativas, reforzando el rol tecnocrático de los docentes y atomizando el proceso didáctico en cuanto a actividades poco articuladas y significativas.
Towards a &#8220;multi-level&#8221; sustainability analysis in Pacific-Andes-Amazon transboundary catchments.
(2022) Alicia Correa; Jorge Enrique Forero; Mark Mulligan; Daniele Codato
&lt;p&gt;Global change has economic, environmental, and social impacts on water, energy, and food resources that threaten the ways of living of several communities across the globe. Moreover, the identification of those impacts at the local level constitutes a fundamental step in the process of designing and implementing proposals for the sustainable management of natural resources. The definition of what sustainability means is another key step in that direction. Within theoretical debates, three concepts have been identified: weak, strong, and super-strong sustainability. The first proposes to understand nature as &amp;#8220;natural capital&amp;#8221;, which should be treated as any other factor of production and can be exchanged with other forms of capital. The second highlights the existence of &amp;#8220;critical natural capitals&amp;#8221; that need to be conserved no matter the economic cost. The third, finally, introduces cultural, religious, historical, and ethical considerations, proposing the concept of &amp;#8220;natural heritage&amp;#8221; as an alternative to &amp;#8220;natural capital&amp;#8221;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We propose an analytical framework that integrates those different approaches to sustainability, combining spatial data analysis and participatory dialog with actors from local communities. With this methodology, we aim to identify strategies towards the sustainable management of water, energy, and food resources, in the Pacific-Andes-Amazon altitudinal transects of two transboundary catchments of Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, and Brazil (Mira-Mataje - 11,791km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, and Putumayo - 125,563km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). We used remotely-sensed and globally available datasets alongside the spatially distributed assessment model Co$tingNature, to evaluate the natural capital. Then we quantified the interactions between natural capital, protected areas, and indigenous territories to identify critical areas for protection. Finally, we included the knowledge from leaders of Indigenous (Cof&amp;#225;n, Aw&amp;#225;, and Kamenzat), Mestizo-peasant, and Afro-descendant communities distributed along the altitudinal transects, regarding their natural heritage, and their perception of the challenges for its sustainable management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We found a significant overlapping between critical natural capital and ancestral territories of ethnic communities and recognized some key anthropic intensive activities that challenge the conservation of those areas. We also identified the significant role that culture plays in the local communities&amp;#8217; efforts both to defend their territory and to find sustainable practices oriented towards the securing of collective welfare and the conservation of the environmental integrity of their natural heritage.&lt;/p&gt;
Batch Simplification Algorithm for Trajectories over Road Networks
(2023) Gary Reyes; Vivian Estrada; Roberto Tolozano-Benites; Víctor Maquilón
The volume of vehicular traffic in large cities has increased in recent years, the devices that collect vehicular GPS data such as cameras, GPS receivers and others generate millions of records at every instant of time generating problems in processing and storage of these data which becomes important for researchers. Intelligent Transportation Systems perform vehicle monitoring and control by collecting GPS trajectories, this large volume of information is necessary to have an optimal storage process. Its processing by means of compression techniques and simplification algorithms allow to reduce the necessary storage space. This paper presents a GPS trajectory simplification algorithm that considers noise reduction, point simplification and analysis of road network information. The results obtained on two data sets from the cities of California and Beijing are satisfactory, achieving a higher compression ratio without affecting data quality
Les bio-invasions d'insectes
(Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, 2013) Alain Roques; Olivier Dangles; Nathalie Gaultier; Jean‐Louis Sarah; Jean‐François Vayssières; Claire Vidal
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Building a shared representation of the landscape as a socio-ecological system and visualizing the challenges of climate-smart agriculture.
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2015) Abigaïl Fallot; Jean-François Le Coq; Julio Cesar Salinas; Teresa Amezcua Aguilar; Romy Cronenbold; Roberto Vides-Almonacid; Tahia Devisscher
Climate threats exacerbate issues of natural resource management in rural landscapes, namely water, forest and agricultural land. In order to consistently address these issues, we highlight the usefulness of a joint vision of the landscape where the actors share their knowledge on the mechanisms at work when considering the central problem that affect the landscape as well as the proposed solutions. On the basis of several case studies, we present and analyze participatory conceptual modelling as a process and a series of methods that allow building a shared understanding of the landscape as a socio-ecological system. The case study that better illustrates the diversity of suitable methods and necessary adjustments in the modelling process, is the Zapoco watershed in the Chiquitano Model Forest (Bolivia), characterized both by its natural richness and its economic poverty. In the framework of the research-action EcoAdapt project for community-based adaptation at the landscape level, we reviewed the modelling approaches which better served our purpose and ended in the articulation of tools belonging to different approaches. As a main result, we obtained graphical representations that the actors can easily understand and use to describe their context (Open Standards for the Practices of Conservation), their practices (Problem-Actors-Resources-Dynamics-Interactions) and their history (Resilience thinking). In a practical way, the models built address the complexity of the landscape and bring into focus needs for research (knowledge gaps, main uncertainties) and for action (coordination failures, unsustainable dynamics). From the perspective of companion modelling, we finally discuss the outreach of participatory conceptual modelling in the promotion of climate smart agriculture.
Bacterial signatures of anthropogenic pressures in a high-mountain river: a One Health study using full-length 16S profiling
(2026) Sindy P. Buitrago; Diego Garzón-Ospina; Laura Sophia Largo-Latorre; Laura Jimena Hernandez-Zambrano; Adriana Espinosa
<title>Abstract</title> Anthropogenic pressures can reshape riverine microbiomes, with implications for water quality and One Health surveillance. Here, we profiled the bacterial composition, diversity, and 16S-based predicted functional potential across five sites along an anthropogenic pressure gradient in a high-mountain Andean system (Chicamocha River, Boyacá, Colombia), influenced by wastewater discharge, thermoelectric cooling, and agro-livestock and municipal activities. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing (PacBio HiFi) generated 737,344 high-quality reads and 5,036 Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASVs). Community composition differed significantly among sites, characterized by high β-diversity and a notable association between ammonium levels and community structure. The phyla <italic>Pseudomonadota</italic> and <italic>Bacteroidota</italic> dominated most sites, whereas the wastewater outfall was enriched in phyla <italic>Bacillota</italic> and <italic>Campylobacterota</italic> (genus <italic>Arcobacter</italic> ). The cooling pond site showed enrichment of genus <italic>Sphingorhabdus</italic> , genus <italic>Flavobacterium</italic> was most abundant at agro-livestock influenced sites, and the genera <italic>Limnohabitans/Polynucleobacter</italic> dominated downstream oxygen-rich, low-nutrient reaches. 16S-based functional inference suggested site-specific metabolic profiles; the wastewater treatment plant outfall showed higher predicted representation of pathways associated with aromatic/heterocyclic compound degradation and predicted functional categories linked to motility, membrane transport, and antimicrobial resistance, whereas downstream sites showed predicted enrichment of xenobiotic-biodegradation pathways. Together, these data provide a high-resolution baseline for an under-sampled high-mountain urban river and support the utility of full-length 16S rRNA profiling for molecular surveillance to inform effluent management.
Training for Public and Policy Engagement: Lessons from 20 Years of Bridging the Gap Programming
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Naazneen H. Barma; Brent Durbin; Danielle Gilbert; James Goldgeier; Bruce W. Jentleson; Jordan Tama; Michael Weintraub
Minimum Wage and Productivity in Colombia: Its Macroeconomic Implications
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Sergio Clavijo
Latin American HECAP Physics Briefing Book 2025
(Cornell University, 2026) M. A. Acero; Alexis A. Aguilar-Arevalo; Belén Andrada; Andrés Baquero Larriva; M. Cambiaso; Edgar Carrera; Mary Cruz; Lucía Duarte; Juan Estrada; Alberto Gago
The first process for the Latin American Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructure for High Energy, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (LASF4RI-HECAP) came to a conclusion in October 2020, with a Physics Briefing Book (PBB) presented in (2104.06852). Here we present an updated PBB, the result of the first update of LASF4RI-HECAP. The update process began with a call for White Papers from the HECAP community. The submitted contributions were presented at the III LASF4RI for HECAP Symposium: Update of the Strategic Plan, held at ICTP-SAIFR in São Paulo in August 26-29, 2024, with the participation of the Preparatory Group, High Level Strategy Group, Funding Agencies and representatives of similar efforts from around the globe. This updated PBB was written by the Preparatory Group based mainly on 46 White Papers submitted by the community and is organized around seven working groups: Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astroparticle Physics; Cosmology; Dark Matter; Neutrinos; Electroweak and Strong Interactions, Higgs Physics, CP and Flavour Physics and BSM; Instrumentation and Computing; Advanced Training and Capacity Building. It is intended to provide the essential input for the creation of a long-term HECAP strategy in the region.
Safety of Alternative Benznidazole and Nifurtimox Regimens for Adults with Chronic Trypanosoma Cruzi Infection (TESEO): An Open-Label, Randomised, Non-Inferiority Phase 2 Trial
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Cristina Alonso-Vega; Jimy José Pinto; Gimena Rojas; Wilson García; Alejandro Palacios; Susana Méndez; Virginia Gonzalez; Mónica Laserna; Isabela Ribeiro; E. Ruíz-Villamor
Validation of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS) and associated factors among adolescents in Chile
(2026) Jorge Gaete; Saray Ramírez; María Inés Godoy
<title>Abstract</title> Background. Personality traits are key predictors of adolescent substance use. This study aimed to culturally adapt and validate the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS) among Chilean adolescents and examine its associations with substance use and related beliefs. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,261 students aged 10–14 years from 13 schools in Santiago, Chile. Participants completed the SURPS and the EU-Dap questionnaire on substance use. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses evaluated internal structure and reliability, and logistic and linear regressions examined associations between personality traits, substance use, and beliefs. Results. The four-factor structure—Hopelessness, Anxiety Sensitivity, Impulsivity, and Sensation Seeking—was confirmed after removing two items with low loadings (< 0.40). Internal consistency was acceptable for the total scale (α = 0.80) and subscales (α = 0.67–0.88). Higher Hopelessness, Impulsivity, and Sensation Seeking were associated with lifetime tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use (all p < 0.001), stronger positive and normative beliefs, and weaker refusal skills. Anxiety Sensitivity showed no significant associations. Conclusions. The Chilean SURPS demonstrated good reliability and validity, supporting its use as a brief, culturally appropriate tool for identifying personality-based risk pathways and informing selective prevention strategies in adolescent populations.
Characterizing Tree Species Richness in Indigenous Peoples’ Lands: Addressing Often-Overlooked Data Limitations and Biases
(2026) Sven Kock; Jorge C. Llopis; Miguel Fernández; Monica Moraes R; Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
<title>Abstract</title> Several studies have characterized species richness distribution in Indigenous Peoples’ Lands (IPL) using global biodiversity datasets. However, these datasets contain substantial limitations and biases which may compromise the accuracy of spatial biodiversity assessments. In this study, we characterize tree species richness across IPL in Bolivia based on three different datasets to examine how spatial and taxonomic biases, as well as the data’s institutional provenance, shape characterization outcomes. Results closely reflect identified spatial and taxonomic biases, and as data generally come from various sources, the individual collections’ scope and our characterization do not align. We also notice that most data derive from international institutions without information about contributions from Indigenous Peoples, complicating sensitive interpretation and weakening visibility of Indigenous knowledge systems. Our findings underscore the limitations of relying solely on global biodiversity datasets to map species distributions in IPL and emphasize the need for locally grounded, ethically framed data collection practices.
Publicaciones científicas predatorias: características, causas y estrategias de prevención
(European Organization for Nuclear Research, 2025) Joaquin Humberto Aquino Rocha; Hugo Nicolas Callao Corrales
[117] El presente trabajo analiza las características, causas y medidas para prevenir las publicaciones en las revistas científicas predatorias, a fin de promover prácticas editoriales éticas.
A methodological proposal based on digital twins for closed-loop operating-point transitions in complex chemical processes
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Adriana T. Lopez; Federico Lozano Santamaría; Jorge M. Gómez
Enabling Air-Stable Calcium Looping for Thermochemical Energy Storage via Alkali Chloride Modification
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Esther Robles-Solano; Antonio Perejón; Luis Allan Pérez-Maqueda; Carlos Ortiz; Pedro Enrique Sánchez-Jiménez
Performance of Interlocking Structures Enhanced with Meta-Blocks Against Impact Loads
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Nicolás Contreras; Xihong Zhang; Hong Hao; Francisco C. Robles Hernández
Engineering Stable Lavender Essential Oil Nanoemulsions: Process Optimization and Viscoelastic Structuring with Hydrocolloids
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Barbara Bigi; Stefania Petralito; Luis Alfonso Trujillo; Jenifer Santos
Corruption and Political Accountability in Good and Bad Economic Times
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Andrés Barinas Forero; Carlos G. Scartascini
Harnessing Implicit Cooperation: A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Approach Towards Decentralized Local Energy Markets
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026) Nelson Salazar-Peña; Alejandra Tabares; Andrés González-Mancera

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