USO DE PROBIÓTICOS ENTÉRALES PARA REDUCIR LA INCIDENCIA Y GRAVEDAD DE ENTEROCOLITIS NECROTIZANTE EN RECIÉN NACIDOS PRETERMINO DE MUY BAJO PESO AL NACIMIENTO EN UNIDAD DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS NEONATALES DEL MATERNO INFANTIL "GERMÁN URQUIDI"
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Gac Med Bol
Abstract
Al nacer el tracto intestinal neonatal es estéril, a medida que el intestino humano es expuesto al ambiente contaminado es colonizado por bacterianas no patógenas favorables en la mayoría, como lactobacillus y bifidobacterias. En contraste el intestino del recién nacido pretérmino tiende a ser colonizado por microorganismos patógenos, predominantemente coliformes, enterococos y bacteroides, especies que incrementan el riesgo de desarrollar enterocolitis necrotizante. El objetivo de este trabajo es valorar la efectividad y eficacia de los probioticos entérales para prevenir la enterocolitis necrotizante en recién nacidos pretérminos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio controlado y prospectivo, de carácter ciego y distribución aleatoria. Para dicho estudio se eligieron a recién nacidos pretérminos de muy bajo peso al nacimiento. Se distribuyo a los pacientes en dos grupos. Los niños del grupo de estudio recibieron PROBIOTICOS con leche 2 veces al día hasta que fueron dados de alta, los niños del grupo de control únicamente recibieron leche; siendo los parámetros evolutivos investigados la presencia de enterocolitis y fallecimientos. Participaron 68 recién nacidos pretérmino de muy bajo peso al nacimiento, 34 en grupo de estudio y 34 en grupo de control, las variables clínicas y evolutivas tuvieron diferencia significativa entre ambos grupos. La incidencia de enterocolitis necrotizante fue inferior en el grupo de estudio (2/34 frente 16/34) y existieron 4 casos de enterocolitis necrotizante grave (estadio III de Bell) en el grupo control versus ninguno en el grupo estudio. Los probioticos administrados por vía enteral reducen la incidencia y la gravedad de la enterocolitis necrotizante.
At birth the neonatal intestinal tract is sterile, as the human intestine is exposed to the contaminated environment it is colonized by nonpathogenic bacteria, favorable in the majority as lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. In contrast, the preterm intestine tends to be colonized by pathogenic micro-organisms, predominantly coliforms, enterococci and bacteroides, species that increase the risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis. This work have the objective of assess the effectiveness and efficiency of enteral probiotics to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm new born. We conducted a prospective controlled study of blinding and randomized. For this study were chosen pretermos new-borns of very low birth weight. Were distributed patients in two groups. Children in the study group received probiotic milk 2 times a day until they were discharged, only the control children received milk without probiotics; evolutionary parameters being investigated the presence of enterocolitis and death. 68 preterm infants participated in very low birth weight, 34 in study group and 34 in control group, clinical and deve-lopmental variables were significant differences between groups. The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis was less in the study group (2 / 34 versus 16/34) and there were 4 cases of severe necrotizing enterocolitis (Bell stage III) in the control group versus none in the study group.
At birth the neonatal intestinal tract is sterile, as the human intestine is exposed to the contaminated environment it is colonized by nonpathogenic bacteria, favorable in the majority as lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. In contrast, the preterm intestine tends to be colonized by pathogenic micro-organisms, predominantly coliforms, enterococci and bacteroides, species that increase the risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis. This work have the objective of assess the effectiveness and efficiency of enteral probiotics to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm new born. We conducted a prospective controlled study of blinding and randomized. For this study were chosen pretermos new-borns of very low birth weight. Were distributed patients in two groups. Children in the study group received probiotic milk 2 times a day until they were discharged, only the control children received milk without probiotics; evolutionary parameters being investigated the presence of enterocolitis and death. 68 preterm infants participated in very low birth weight, 34 in study group and 34 in control group, clinical and deve-lopmental variables were significant differences between groups. The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis was less in the study group (2 / 34 versus 16/34) and there were 4 cases of severe necrotizing enterocolitis (Bell stage III) in the control group versus none in the study group.
Description
Vol. 33, No. 2