Fisiopatología de la osteoporosis: genes, estrés oxidativo e inmunopatogenia. Una revisión sistemática cualitativa

Abstract

The aim of this qualitative systematic review is to describe the most important pathophysiological factors related with genes, oxidative stress, immunophatogeny and others aspects in osteoporosis. We selected Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar databases. A total of 7,730 documents were returned, based on different combinations of keywords in English and Spanish. We use the quick reading of titles and abstracts to eliminate the articles unrelated to the proposed expository scheme. A total of 152 papers fulfilled the following validation criteria: descriptive clinical studies, comparative with control group, analytical studies of random assignment, and studies in experimental animals. To evaluate the methodological quality of the clinical studies, the Sackett evidence scale was used, and the list of criteria of Sniekers to analyze the quality of the animal studies were used. A major challenge is the integration of a multitude of signaling pathways and redundant cytokines, oxidative stress, chronic stress, genes, among others, apparently capable of playing an important role, in trying to establish a complete model of the pathophysiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis.