Características reproductivas y alimenticias de Prionobrama filigera (Actinopterygii: Characidae, Pisces), una especie ornamental en la Tierra Comunitaria de Origen Takana, Bolivia
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Ecología en Bolivia
Abstract
La ecología trófica y reproductiva del tetra cristal de cola roja Prionobrama filigera fue estudiada en la cuenca baja del Río Beni, dentro de la Tierra Comunitaria de Origen Takana, entre julio de 2005 y marzo de 2006. Se capturaron 600 individuos y la identificación de sus estadios sexuales nos permitió determinar que la reproducción tendría lugar entre diciembre y febrero. Los individuos juveniles predominaron en las lagunas. La talla de madurez sexual se calculó en una longitud estándar de 42 mm para machos y 45 mm para hembras. Las hembras mostraron desove total y una fecundidad promedio de 919 ovocitos (0.74 mm de diámetro en promedio). Identificamos los contenidos estomacales y según la frecuencia de ocurrencia determinamos que Prionobrama filigera tiene una dieta invertívora. Los ítems más consumidos fueron himenópteros, dípteros, coleópteros y copépodos, aunque la dieta varió en tiempo y espacio. Los copépodos, que no fueron consumidos en época húmeda, figuran como un ítem adicional durante la época seca en arroyos y lagunas. Consecuentemente, estas características ecológicas, aplicadas a la pesca ornamental en la Tierra Comunitaria de Origen Takana, sugieren que la veda sea programada durante la época reproductiva (diciembre a febrero) y que la cosecha se realice durante la época seca (julio a septiembre) en arroyos y el río Beni, con redes de arrastre de 10 mm de malla para capturar individuos mayores a 45 mm. Igualmente, para garantizar una pesca ornamental sostenible, sugerimos que estas medidas sean complementadas con la determinación de cupos de extracción y así ayudar a mantener a largo plazo el buen estado de las poblaciones de peces en la Tierra Comunitaria de Origen Takana y su rol en el ecosistema.
The reproductive and trophic ecology of the red-tailed glass tetra Prionobrama filigera was studied at the lower basin of the Beni river, in the Takana Indigenous Territory, from July 2005 to March 2006. Six-hundred individuals of this species were collected and had their sexual stages identified, allowing us to determine that reproduction occurs between December and February. Juveniles were found in lakes. Sexual maturity was reached at a standard length of 42 mm in males, and 45 mm in females. Females have a total spawning with an average fecundity of 919 ovocytes (0.74 mm mean diameter). We analyzed stomach contents and according to the frequency of occurrence of items, Prionobrama filigera was determined it to be a macroinvertebrate feeder. The most consumed items were Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera and Copepoda, but the ingestion of each item varied in time and space. Copepods, which were not ingested during the wet season, appeared as an additional dietary item during the dry season in streams and lakes. Consequently, these ecological characteristics, applied to the ornamental fishery in the Takana Indigenous Territory, suggests a fishing ban during breeding season (December to February) and the harvest season during dry season (July to September) in streams and the Beni river, by using seines of 10 mm mesh to capture individuals over 45 mm standard length. To ensure a sustainable fishery, we also recommend that these measures be complemented by determining harvesting quotas that can help to maintain healthy fish populations within the Takana Indigenous Territory over a long-term period and secure its role in the ecosystem.
The reproductive and trophic ecology of the red-tailed glass tetra Prionobrama filigera was studied at the lower basin of the Beni river, in the Takana Indigenous Territory, from July 2005 to March 2006. Six-hundred individuals of this species were collected and had their sexual stages identified, allowing us to determine that reproduction occurs between December and February. Juveniles were found in lakes. Sexual maturity was reached at a standard length of 42 mm in males, and 45 mm in females. Females have a total spawning with an average fecundity of 919 ovocytes (0.74 mm mean diameter). We analyzed stomach contents and according to the frequency of occurrence of items, Prionobrama filigera was determined it to be a macroinvertebrate feeder. The most consumed items were Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera and Copepoda, but the ingestion of each item varied in time and space. Copepods, which were not ingested during the wet season, appeared as an additional dietary item during the dry season in streams and lakes. Consequently, these ecological characteristics, applied to the ornamental fishery in the Takana Indigenous Territory, suggests a fishing ban during breeding season (December to February) and the harvest season during dry season (July to September) in streams and the Beni river, by using seines of 10 mm mesh to capture individuals over 45 mm standard length. To ensure a sustainable fishery, we also recommend that these measures be complemented by determining harvesting quotas that can help to maintain healthy fish populations within the Takana Indigenous Territory over a long-term period and secure its role in the ecosystem.
Description
Vol. 46, No. 1