Comparación de dos variedades de amaranto: blanco (Amaranthus hypocondriacus L.) y sangoracha (Amaranthus quitensis L.,) utilizando azolla (Azolla Filiculoides) como sustrato en la propagación sexual
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J. Selva Andina Biosph.
Abstract
El objeto de estudio fue evaluar la azolla como sustrato en la propagación sexual de dos variedades de amaranto. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial de 2 x 4, utilizando 2 variedades de amaranto y 4 tipos de sustratos, por 3 repeticiones. Se contabilizó el número total de plantas, con 128 por tratamiento por ende es la misma cantidad de alveolos debido a que se realizó un previo raleo para determinar el porcentaje de germinación en 36 plantas por parcela neta. Se tomó en cuenta el número de días transcurridos desde la siembra hasta la emergencia de plántulas. La azolla como sustrato al 100% mostró excelentes resultados a la emergencia, pero para la sobrevivencia de la plántula los resultados fueron poco aceptables, ya que las plántulas pasados alrededor de 20 días empezaron a perder vigor, debido a que la azolla actuó como una esponja al momento de absorber agua, lo que no le da un buen soporte a la plántula. La azolla con pomina no dio resultados aceptables para la germinación de la semilla, la mezcla de ambas estructuras provoca aperturas significativas en el pilón, afectando la estabilidad de la semilla dentro del sustrato, es decir, con la amplia porosidad la semilla se va hacia el fondo y pierde contacto con la luz solar, factor esencial para la emergencia. Se definió como el mejor tipo de sustrato a S3 es decir el sustrato elaborado con Peet moss, ya que presenta rangos de significación bien marcados, ubicándose en el primer rango en cada uno de los factores estudiados. En la variable porcentaje de germinación, el tratamiento V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) obtuvo significancia al 5% con una media de 92.29%, resultando ser el mejor. En cuanto a altura de plántula, el mejor tratamiento se manifestó en V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) con una media de 6.41cm, lo que determinó su significancia al 5%. La variable volumen radicular se observó como mejor tratamiento a V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) que produjo plantas con 0.58 mL de volumen de raíz como media y con significancia al 5%. El uso de azolla como sustrato de propagación de amaranto.
The object of the study was to evaluate azolla as a substrate in the sexual propagation of two varieties of amaranth. A randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement of 2 x 4 was used, using 2 varieties of amaranth and 4 types of substrates, this for 3 repetitions. We counted the total number of plants that are 128 per treatment therefore it is the same amount of alveoli due to a previous thinning to determine the percentage of germination in 36 plants per net plot. The number of days elapsed from sowing to the emergence of seedlings was taken into account. Azolla as a 100% substrate showed excellent results to the emergence, but for the survival of the seedling the results were not very acceptable, since the seedlings spent around 20 days began to lose vigor, because the Azolla acted as a sponge at the moment of absorbing water, which does not give good support to the seedling. The azolla with pomina did not give acceptable results for the germination of the seed, the mixture of both structures causes significant openings in the pylon, affecting the stability of the seed inside the substrate, and that is, with the wide porosity the seed goes towards the background and lose contact with sunlight, essential factor for the emergency. It was defined as the best type of substratum to S3, that is to say, the substrate elaborated with Peet moss, since it has well-marked significance ranges, being located in the first range in each of the studied factors. In the variable germination percentage, the treatment V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) obtained significance at 5% with an average of 92.29%, being the best. In terms of seedling height, the best treatment was shown in V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) with an average of 6.41cm, which determined its significance at 5%. The variable root volume was observed as the best treatment at V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) that produced plants with 0.58 mL root volume as mean and with 5% significance. The use of azolla as an amaranth propagation substrate.
The object of the study was to evaluate azolla as a substrate in the sexual propagation of two varieties of amaranth. A randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement of 2 x 4 was used, using 2 varieties of amaranth and 4 types of substrates, this for 3 repetitions. We counted the total number of plants that are 128 per treatment therefore it is the same amount of alveoli due to a previous thinning to determine the percentage of germination in 36 plants per net plot. The number of days elapsed from sowing to the emergence of seedlings was taken into account. Azolla as a 100% substrate showed excellent results to the emergence, but for the survival of the seedling the results were not very acceptable, since the seedlings spent around 20 days began to lose vigor, because the Azolla acted as a sponge at the moment of absorbing water, which does not give good support to the seedling. The azolla with pomina did not give acceptable results for the germination of the seed, the mixture of both structures causes significant openings in the pylon, affecting the stability of the seed inside the substrate, and that is, with the wide porosity the seed goes towards the background and lose contact with sunlight, essential factor for the emergency. It was defined as the best type of substratum to S3, that is to say, the substrate elaborated with Peet moss, since it has well-marked significance ranges, being located in the first range in each of the studied factors. In the variable germination percentage, the treatment V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) obtained significance at 5% with an average of 92.29%, being the best. In terms of seedling height, the best treatment was shown in V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) with an average of 6.41cm, which determined its significance at 5%. The variable root volume was observed as the best treatment at V2S3 (A. quitensis + Peet moss) that produced plants with 0.58 mL root volume as mean and with 5% significance. The use of azolla as an amaranth propagation substrate.
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Vol. 6, No. 1