Determinación de las relaciones genéticas en 24 accesiones de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Abstract

Twenty four collections of common bean, 21 from Andean origin and three from Central America were characterized, using biochemical markers. Eight out of 22 isozyme systems showed good resolution. Six enzymes were polymorphic: Esterase (EST), Malate dehydrogenase (MOH), Shikimate dehydrogenase (SKOH), Rubisco (RBCS), Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IOH), and Glutamate dehydrogenase (GOH). Two other two enzymes, Glutamate oxalacetate transminase (GOT) for all accessions and Endopeptidase (EP), were monomorphic. A total of 17 loci were detected with at least 34 alleles. The enzymes IOH and GOH are reported the first time for the species. To define the relationships among the accessions, the Jaccard distance and the UPGMA procedures were used. The dendogram displayed two maingroups andfive subgroups. The clusters were associated with the centers of speciess domestication : Mesoamerica and the Andes,as itwasexpected.The relationships among the subgroups were analyzed and discussed accordingto the geographical origin, sites of adaptation and lineage, rather than to their morphological similarities.