Fertilizacion de la col (Brassica oleracea L.) en una aplicación de la agricultura organica utilizando compost
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Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.
Abstract
Los subproductos en la fabricación del azúcar y alcohol, como bagazo y vinaza, en su mayor parte no se les da un buen uso sin generar contaminación al aire y/o suelos; así, por ejemplo, el bagazo se utiliza como combustible para los calderos en algunas fábricas azucareras. Se experimentó el cultivo de la col (Brassica oleracea L.) fertilizándolo con compost a partir de: bagazo, vinaza, hierba seca y guano de cuy, reemplazando a los fertilizantes químicos, reduciendo la contaminación del suelo. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de un abono sobre el crecimiento de plantas de la col y en el análisis químico y de microscopía estomática foliar de la col; también se determinó la influencia del abono sobre las variables morfométricas de la col: 1) altura, peso, diámetro ecuatorial y rendimiento; 2) longitud y peso de las raíces. Se empleó el diseño de bloques completamente al azar que constó de tres bloques y cinco tratamientos, los cuales fueron T1 = 0, T2 = 8000, T3 = 10000, T4 = 12000 y T5 = 14000 (kg ha-1) que se aplicó a los 10 días después del trasplante. Los datos se procesaron mediante análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey, cuyos resultados determinaron que T5 destacó en rendimiento con 36.09 t ha-1, peso de raíz con 76.16 g, peso de la col con 821.23 g. Concerniente al análisis químico foliar, T5 destacó en fósforo, potasio, calcio, boro y en el análisis estomático, T4 con 642.86 estomas mm-2. Se concluye que a mayor dosis de compost que corresponde al tratamiento T5 se obtuvo efecto en el aumento de biomasa y rendimiento de la col, diferenciándose en 8.09 %, superior al obtenido en relación al tratamiento testigo.
By-products in the production of sugar and alcohol, such as bagasse and vinasse, are mostly not put to good use without causing air and/or soil pollution. For instance, bagasse is used as fuel for boilers in some sugar mills. The cultivation of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) was experimented with by fertilizing it with compost made from bagasse, vinasse, dry grass, and guinea pig manure, replacing chemical fertilizers and reducing soil pollution. The objective was to evaluate the effect of a fertilizer on the growth of cabbage plants and on the chemical analysis and stomatal microscopy of cabbage leaves. The influence of the fertilizer on the morphometric variables of cabbage was also determined: 1) height, weight, equatorial diameter, and yield; 2) length and weight of the roots. A completely randomized block design was used, consisting of three blocks and five treatments, which were T1 = 0, T2 = 8000, T3 = 10000, T4 = 12000, and T5 = 14000 (kg ha-1) applied 10 days after transplanting. Data were processed using analysis of variance and Tukey's test, whose results determined that T5 stood out in yield with 36.09 t ha-1, root weight with 76.16 g, and cabbage weight with 821.23 g. Regarding foliar chemical analysis, T5 stood out in phosphorus, potassium, calcium, boron, and in stomatal analysis, T4 with 642.86 stomata mm-2. It is concluded that the higher dose of compost corresponding to treatment T5 resulted in an increase in biomass and yield of cabbage, differing by 8.09%, higher than that obtained in relation to the control treatment.
By-products in the production of sugar and alcohol, such as bagasse and vinasse, are mostly not put to good use without causing air and/or soil pollution. For instance, bagasse is used as fuel for boilers in some sugar mills. The cultivation of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) was experimented with by fertilizing it with compost made from bagasse, vinasse, dry grass, and guinea pig manure, replacing chemical fertilizers and reducing soil pollution. The objective was to evaluate the effect of a fertilizer on the growth of cabbage plants and on the chemical analysis and stomatal microscopy of cabbage leaves. The influence of the fertilizer on the morphometric variables of cabbage was also determined: 1) height, weight, equatorial diameter, and yield; 2) length and weight of the roots. A completely randomized block design was used, consisting of three blocks and five treatments, which were T1 = 0, T2 = 8000, T3 = 10000, T4 = 12000, and T5 = 14000 (kg ha-1) applied 10 days after transplanting. Data were processed using analysis of variance and Tukey's test, whose results determined that T5 stood out in yield with 36.09 t ha-1, root weight with 76.16 g, and cabbage weight with 821.23 g. Regarding foliar chemical analysis, T5 stood out in phosphorus, potassium, calcium, boron, and in stomatal analysis, T4 with 642.86 stomata mm-2. It is concluded that the higher dose of compost corresponding to treatment T5 resulted in an increase in biomass and yield of cabbage, differing by 8.09%, higher than that obtained in relation to the control treatment.
Description
Vol. 8, No. 23