Incidencia y prevalencia de cardiopatía isquémica y enfermedad cerebrovascular en España: revisión sistemática de la literatura

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease morbidity is not well documented in Spain, due to the fact that there is no comprehensive and reliable data source. This study sought to describe the population frequency of ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in Spain. We used bibliographic search strategies in four different databases to identify scientific studies published in Spanish medical journals or by Spanish authors after 1990. We then selected studies drawn from population-based registers, prevalence surveys and cohort studies, from which age-adjusted incidence and/or prevalence rates could be extracted. We identified 19 papers published in the period 1993-2005, containing valid information on cardiovascular diseases population incidence or prevalence in Spain. Acute myocardial infarction incidence rates per 100,000 population ranged between 135-210 and 29-61 new cases annually for men and women aged 25-74 years, respectively. Acute myocardial infarction prevalence rates were not available, but a study of prevalence of angina showed rates of 7.3% in men and 7.5% in women. Cerebrovascular disease incidence rates per 100,000 population ranged between 364 for men and 169 women, in aged 69 years and over rising to 2.371 in men and 1.493 in women. Prevalence rates in population aged 65 years and over would be estimated in 7% in men and 6% in women. Although currently available information may serve as an initial reference, monitoring of the incidence and prevalence of these diseases will nevertheless call for an effort which exceeds the capacity of isolated research teams.