Escasez y ansiedad: Impacto multidimensional y perfiles ciudadanos frente a la crisis de combustible en Santa Cruz de la Sierra

Abstract

His research analyzes the multidimensional impact of the fuel shortage in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, during 2025. Based on a quantitative, cross-sectional, and descriptive design, 534 participants were surveyed, including users of private, public, and commercial vehicles. The study assessed economic losses, social tensions, emotional stress, mobility disruptions, and political perceptions. Results show widespread effects: 71% reported significant financial losses, 81% waited over three hours to refuel, and 67% experienced high levels of anxiety. Through cluster analysis, three citizen response profiles emerged: (1) moderately affected with passive strategies, (2) low-impact minimizers, and (3) highly affected and reactive individuals, who engaged in fuel hoarding, informal market usage, and expressed strong political dissatisfaction. Multivariate tests (MANOVA) confirmed statistically significant differences between groups (p < .001). Behavioral responses were mainly reactive and defensive, perpetuating the cycle of scarcity. Distrust in government measures was high (78%), and pessimism about the future intensified (84%). The study concludes that the fuel crisis goes beyond supply issues, affecting social cohesion, emotional stability, and institutional credibility. Policy recommendations include targeted strategies by cluster profile, energy diversification, cultural adaptation campaigns, and the creation of strategic reserves to mitigate future fuel shortages.