Trazando líneas: estimación de la canasta básica de alimentos y líneas de pobreza en Bolivia para el periodo 1999-2012
Abstract
La construcción de la línea de pobreza es el paso más crítico y difícil en la medición de la pobreza, pues establece el umbral que define quién es o no es pobre. En el presente documento se establecen los criterios y se utiliza la información disponible para construir Canastas Básicas Alimentarias a partir de la Encuesta Continua de Hogares 2003-2004, y se obtiene una valoración de dichas canastas con los precios del IPC base 2007. A partir de las Canastas Básicas Alimentarias se estimaron las líneas de pobreza extrema y moderada para las ciudades de Santa Cruz, La Paz y Cochabamba, así como para el resto urbano y el área rural de Bolivia para el periodo 1999-2012. Las actuales estimaciones de pobreza monetaria en Bolivia aún tienen como referencia la canasta básica de alimentos construida en 1995, bajo un contexto de mayor restricción y escasez de información acerca de patrones de consumo, una estructura demográfica de hace dos décadas y criterios desactualizados sobre las necesidades nutricionales.
To establish poverty line(s) is the most critical and hardest step in the measurement of poverty because it defines who is and is not poor. Bolivia's official estimates are based on an outdated household survey which was constrained to the urban area only. In this paper we outline the assumptions made to construct basic food baskets for 5 domains and present results from the 2003-2004 expenditure income household survey based on the food energy intake methodology. Then we update the results for the 1999-2012 period using the prices from the Consumer Price Index survey and show the significant differences between the estimations for the urban and rural area as well as the differences with the international poverty line that is the reference for international poverty comparisons.
To establish poverty line(s) is the most critical and hardest step in the measurement of poverty because it defines who is and is not poor. Bolivia's official estimates are based on an outdated household survey which was constrained to the urban area only. In this paper we outline the assumptions made to construct basic food baskets for 5 domains and present results from the 2003-2004 expenditure income household survey based on the food energy intake methodology. Then we update the results for the 1999-2012 period using the prices from the Consumer Price Index survey and show the significant differences between the estimations for the urban and rural area as well as the differences with the international poverty line that is the reference for international poverty comparisons.
Description
No. 20