Trampa para el control de moscas de los cuernos (Haematobia irritans) en vacas lecheras
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Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.
Abstract
La investigación evalúa la eficacia de una trampa de paso para el control de la mosca de los cuernos (Haematobia irritans) en vacas lecheras en la Finca San José, ubicada en Tulcán, Ecuador. Haematobia irritans representa un problema para la ganadería, afectando la salud y productividad del ganado. Tradicionalmente, se han empleado plaguicidas químicos para su control, pero el uso excesivo ha provocado resistencia en las moscas y problemas ambientales. En este estudio, se diseñó y probó un prototipo de trampa de paso, el cual se instaló estratégicamente en la ruta diaria de las vacas hacia los potreros después del ordeño. Se realizaron conteos de moscas antes y después de que las vacas atravesaran la trampa, con un total de 15 mediciones a lo largo de seis semanas. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa en el número de moscas, con una disminución promedio del 35% al 45%. La eficacia de la trampa varió según el color del ganado y las condiciones climáticas, siendo más efectiva en días soleados. Además, se observó una correlación positiva entre la reducción de moscas y el incremento en la producción de leche, lo que sugiere que la disminución del estrés inducido por las moscas y la mejora en la salud contribuye a una mayor productividad lechera. Este estudio subraya la importancia de adoptar métodos de control de plagas más sostenibles y específicos para mejorar la eficiencia productiva en la ganadería.
The study evaluates the effectiveness of a walk-through trap for the control of horn flies (Haematobia irritans) in dairy cows at Finca San José, located in Tulcán, Ecuador. Horn flies represent a significant challenge for livestock, affecting cattle health and productivity. Traditionally, chemical pesticides have been used for their control, but overuse has led to resistance in flies and environmental problems. In this study, a walk-through trap prototype was designed and tested, which was strategically installed on the daily route of cows to the pastures after milking. Fly counts were made before and after the cows passed through the trap, with a total of 15 measurements over six weeks. The results showed a significant reduction in the number of flies, with an average decrease of 35% to 45%. The effectiveness of the trap varied according to the color of the cattle and the weather conditions, being more effective on sunny days. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between fly reduction and increased milk production, suggesting that decreased fly-induced stress contributes to higher milk productivity. This study underlines the importance of adopting more sustainable and targeted pest control methods to improve productive efficiency in livestock farming.
The study evaluates the effectiveness of a walk-through trap for the control of horn flies (Haematobia irritans) in dairy cows at Finca San José, located in Tulcán, Ecuador. Horn flies represent a significant challenge for livestock, affecting cattle health and productivity. Traditionally, chemical pesticides have been used for their control, but overuse has led to resistance in flies and environmental problems. In this study, a walk-through trap prototype was designed and tested, which was strategically installed on the daily route of cows to the pastures after milking. Fly counts were made before and after the cows passed through the trap, with a total of 15 measurements over six weeks. The results showed a significant reduction in the number of flies, with an average decrease of 35% to 45%. The effectiveness of the trap varied according to the color of the cattle and the weather conditions, being more effective on sunny days. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between fly reduction and increased milk production, suggesting that decreased fly-induced stress contributes to higher milk productivity. This study underlines the importance of adopting more sustainable and targeted pest control methods to improve productive efficiency in livestock farming.
Description
Vol. 8, No. 24