El discurso de pacientes femeninas con dolor crónico osteomuscular acerca del entorno laboral y familiar The discourse of female patients with steomuscular chronic pain about the labor and family environment

Abstract

El analisis del discurso como tecnica teorico-metodologica centra las diversas formas en que el lenguaje es utilizado segun contexto de la situacion comunicativa. Permite la comprension, circunstancias y actitudes expresadas ante una condicion particular. La mujer con dolor cronico, manifiesta una expresion discursiva de si misma ante continuos esfuerzos adaptativos. Objetivo: conocer la expresion linguistica de la mujer con dolor cronico osteomuscular que acude a consulta del Hospital Universitario de Los Andes, 2017. Metodo: Enfoque mixto, tipo descriptivo, diseno no experimental de campo. Se realizo una entrevista estructurada a 30 mujeres con dolor cronico osteomuscular en edad productiva para un estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo, analitico del discurso segun “Teoria de la Valoracion” con orientacion funcional y semantica. Resultados: Predominio de los componentes: Entorno – Familia: falta de apoyo (70%) y baja dependencia (80%). Entorno – trabajo: Trato indiferente (70%), falta de apoyo (90%) y bajo rendimiento (70%). Percepcion de si misma: Frustracion (80%), baja autoestima (70%) y tristeza (80%). Limitaciones en el trabajo: Poca concentracion (60%) y lentitud (70%). Conclusion: Mostro analisis del discurso de las pacientes con dolor cronico osteomuscular en el dominio semantico para el entorno familiar, percepcion de si misma y limitaciones laborales, con uso de recursos linguisticos evaluativos de actitud, con predominancia de afectos negativos para la percepcion laboral y de si misma y positiva para con el componente familiar. Recomendaciones: Disenar estrategias por parte del equipo de salud que permitan conseguir una valoracion de actitud positiva del entorno familiar, laboral y con percepcion de apoyo. The discourse analysis as a theoretical-methodological technique focuses on the different ways in which language is used according to the context of the communicative situation. It allows the understanding, circumstances and attitudes expressed before a particular condition. The woman with chronic pain manifests a discursive expression of herself in the face of continuous adaptive efforts. The proposed objective is to know the linguistic expression of women with chronic musculoskeletal pain that comes to Los Andes University Hospital in 2017. Method: A structured interview was conducted with 30 women with chronic musculoskeletal pain in productive age for a quantitative and qualitative study, analytical discourse according to Theory of Valuation with functional and semantic orientation. Results: Prevalence of the components: Environment - Family: lack of support (70%) and low dependence (80%) Environment - work: Indifferent treatment (70%), lack of support (90%) and poor performance (70%) Perception of herself: Frustration (80%), low self-esteem (70%) and sadness (80%) Limitations at work: Little concentration (60%) and slowness (70%). Conclusion: This research showed in an analysis of the discourse of patients with chronic osteomuscular pain in the semantic domain for the family environment, self-perception and work limitations, with the use of linguistic resources evaluating attitude, with a predominance of negative affections for work and self-perception and positive towards the family component. Recommendations: Design strategies by the health team that allow obtaining a positive attitude assessment of the family, work environment and with perception of support.