Estudio diacrónico y sincrónico de la variación lingüística de tunante para el rescate de palabras cruceñas: un enfoque desde la lingüística cognitiva y la sociolingüística variacionista de Labov
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Rev. aportes de la comunicación
Abstract
El artículo se centra en la investigación lingüística de la palabra tunante, elemento de la identidad cruceña que está en proceso de desuso en el discurso cotidiano. El objetivo es analizar el cambio lingüístico de tunante desde una perspectiva diacrónica y sincrónica. En el análisis diacrónico se investiga cómo ha evolucionado el uso y significado de la palabra a lo largo del tiempo, mientras que en el análisis sincrónico se explora la variación en su uso y significado en diferentes contextos socioculturales en un momento dado. La referencia literaria fundamental proviene de la canción "El trasnochador", del poeta Raúl Otero Reich (Otero Añez, 2018), donde la palabra Tunante se encuentra como: "Yo soy el trasnochador / tunando en la oscuridad. Sin embargo, la coexistencia de diferentes conceptualizaciones de tunante en un mismo territorio y tiempo genera posibles malentendidos. Por lo que se empleará como método el análisis de corpus lingüístico, la teoría de los prototipos de la Lingüística Cognitiva y la Teoría Variacionista de la Sociolingüística como fundamentos metodológicos para desarrollar un enfoque objetivo que contribuya a la redacción de un diccionario que rescate y preserve las diferentes conceptualizaciones. Para la muestra se utiliza como fuentes el Corpus Diacrónico del Español (CORDE), el Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual (CREA), el Corpus del Español del Siglo XXI (CORPES) V. 1.0 de la RAE, así como novelas, antologías y otros trabajos de investigación producidos en Bolivia. Los hallazgos diacrónicos abordarán el cambio lingüístico y los contextos históricos de tunante, mientras los sincrónicos explorarán las variaciones sociolingüísticas en uso y significado.
The article focuses on the linguistic investigation of the word tunante, an element of the identity of the region of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, which is undergoing a process of disuse in everyday discourse. The objective is to analyze the linguistic change of tunante from both a diachronic and synchronic perspective. In the diachronic analysis, the research explores how the use and meaning of the word have evolved over time, while the synchronic analysis investigates the variation in its use and meaning in different sociocultural contexts at a given moment. The fundamental literary reference comes from the song "El trasnochador" by the poet Raúl Otero Reich (Otero Añez, 2018), where the word Tunante is found in the lines: "Yo soy el trasnochador / tunando en la oscuridad..." However, the coexistence of different conceptualizations of tunante in the same territory and time generates possible misunderstandings. Therefore, the study will employ the prototype theory of Cognitive Linguistics and the variationist theory of Sociolinguistics as methodological foundations to develop an objective approach that contributes to the compilation of a dictionary that rescues and preserves the different conceptualizations. For the data collection, the sources are the Diachronic Corpus of Spanish (CORDE), the Reference Corpus of Current Spanish (CREA), the Corpus of 21st Century Spanish (CORPES) V. 1.0 by the RAE, as well as novels, anthologies, and other research works produced in Bolivia. Diachronic findings will address linguistic change and historical contexts of tunante, while synchronic findings will explore sociolinguistic variations in usage and meaning.
The article focuses on the linguistic investigation of the word tunante, an element of the identity of the region of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, which is undergoing a process of disuse in everyday discourse. The objective is to analyze the linguistic change of tunante from both a diachronic and synchronic perspective. In the diachronic analysis, the research explores how the use and meaning of the word have evolved over time, while the synchronic analysis investigates the variation in its use and meaning in different sociocultural contexts at a given moment. The fundamental literary reference comes from the song "El trasnochador" by the poet Raúl Otero Reich (Otero Añez, 2018), where the word Tunante is found in the lines: "Yo soy el trasnochador / tunando en la oscuridad..." However, the coexistence of different conceptualizations of tunante in the same territory and time generates possible misunderstandings. Therefore, the study will employ the prototype theory of Cognitive Linguistics and the variationist theory of Sociolinguistics as methodological foundations to develop an objective approach that contributes to the compilation of a dictionary that rescues and preserves the different conceptualizations. For the data collection, the sources are the Diachronic Corpus of Spanish (CORDE), the Reference Corpus of Current Spanish (CREA), the Corpus of 21st Century Spanish (CORPES) V. 1.0 by the RAE, as well as novels, anthologies, and other research works produced in Bolivia. Diachronic findings will address linguistic change and historical contexts of tunante, while synchronic findings will explore sociolinguistic variations in usage and meaning.
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No. 36