El monitoreo comunitario de cacería en el Izozog: datos preliminares
Abstract
En términos económicos y culturales, la fauna es un recurso importante para los izoceños. El proyecto de manejo comunitario de fauna de la CABI empezó en 1995 y se basa en el auto- monitoreo de la cacería por los cazadores. Los cazadores toman y anotan datos de los animales cazados, y colectan cráneos para análisis de las poblaciones de fauna. Hasta junio de 1997, 180 cazadores de 19 comunidades anotaron datos de más de 2700 animales cazados, incluyendo a mamíferos, aves y reptiles. De los mamíferos, los más importantes son los armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus, Tolypeutes matacus, Chaetophratus villosus, Euphractus sexcinctus, Chaetophractus vellerosus) y los ungulados (Mazama gouazoubira, Pecari tajacu, Tayassu pecari, Tapirus terrestris). Los datos indican algunos problemas potenciales con la cacería, por ejemplo la cacería de especies amenazadas como Catagonus wagneri y Rhea americana, y posiblemente una sobreexplotación de algunas especies como Tapirus terrestris con pocos adultos viejos encontrados. Pero varios factores apoyan a la sostenibilidad de la cacería izoceña: especies vulnerables que no se cazan (monos, guanacos, petas), una alta proporción de machos en los armadillos cazados, y una disminución de la presión de cacería durante la época de lluvias.
In economic and cultural terms, fauna is an important resource for the Izoceños. CABI's community wildlife management project began in 1995 and is based on self-monitoring by hunters. The latter measure and record data on hunted animals, and collect skulls for analysis of wildlife population structure. Up until June 1997, 1180 hunters in 19 communities had recorded data on more than 2700 hunted animáis, including mammals, birds and reptiles. The most important mammals are armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus, Tolypeutes matacus, Chaetophratus villosus, Euphractus sexcinctus, Chaetophractus vellerosus) and ungulates (Mazama gouazoubira, Pecari tajacu, Tayassu pecari, Tapirus terrestris). The data indicate several potential problems with hunting, for example the harvest of endangered species like Catagonus wagneri and Rhea americana, and possible over-exploitation of species like Tapirus terrestris with few older adults encountered. But several factors promote the sustainability of Izoceño hunting: vulnerable species which are not hunted (monkeys, guanacos, tortoises), a high proportion of males among the armadillos harvested, and a reduction in hunting pressure during the rainy season.
In economic and cultural terms, fauna is an important resource for the Izoceños. CABI's community wildlife management project began in 1995 and is based on self-monitoring by hunters. The latter measure and record data on hunted animals, and collect skulls for analysis of wildlife population structure. Up until June 1997, 1180 hunters in 19 communities had recorded data on more than 2700 hunted animáis, including mammals, birds and reptiles. The most important mammals are armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus, Tolypeutes matacus, Chaetophratus villosus, Euphractus sexcinctus, Chaetophractus vellerosus) and ungulates (Mazama gouazoubira, Pecari tajacu, Tayassu pecari, Tapirus terrestris). The data indicate several potential problems with hunting, for example the harvest of endangered species like Catagonus wagneri and Rhea americana, and possible over-exploitation of species like Tapirus terrestris with few older adults encountered. But several factors promote the sustainability of Izoceño hunting: vulnerable species which are not hunted (monkeys, guanacos, tortoises), a high proportion of males among the armadillos harvested, and a reduction in hunting pressure during the rainy season.
Description
No. 31