Enzymatic hydrolysis of <i>Canna indica</i>, <i>Manihot esculenta</i> and <i>Xanthosoma sagittifolium</i> native starches below the gelatinization temperature

Abstract

Abstract The susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis of starch extracted from raw roots of Canna indica , Manihot esculenta and Xanthosoma sagittifolium , grown in Bolivia, were studied below the gelatinization temperature. The granule size and amylose content were as followed: C. indica &gt; M. esculenta &gt; X. sagittifolium . The hydrolysis showed a rapid rate at the initial stage, followed by a progressive decrease thereafter. At 30, 40 and 50°C, during the initial stage, the rate of hydrolysis was observed to be influenced by the size of the granules, being the highest for the small sized granules X. sagittifolium , followed by the medium sized granules M. esculenta and the lowest rate was for the large sized granules C. indica starch. During the slow phase, A‐type M. esculenta and B‐type C. indica showed higher hydrolysis rates than A‐type X. sagittifolium . At 60°C, a positive correlation was found between the amylose content and the rate of hydrolysis among the starches. Microscopic observations showed a pattern of attack by the enzyme towards C. indica starch granules, suggesting that high amylose content is concentrated around the hilum.