COMPORTAMIENTO ELECTORAL: METODOLOGÍAS Y AGENDAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN BOLIVIA
Abstract
El propósito de este ensayo es reflexionar sobre la relación entre los grupos sociales y el comportamiento electoral en el marco de la comprensión de los procesos so-ciopolíticos del país. Se hace énfasis en la identificación de los aportes teóricos del comportamiento electoral y los alcances de algunas investigaciones en Bolivia. En muchos casos las líneas explicativas se caracterizan por ser altamente descriptivas y hacen énfasis en relatar "lo que ha pasado" a partir de datos oficiales electorales, en otros casos se opta por un análisis explicativo del comportamiento electoral que pretende comprender los resultados electorales a partir del ¿por qué pasó lo que pasó? Es conocido que los estudios del comportamiento electoral aparecen en Bolivia con fuerza en los años ochenta, caracterizados por la geografía electoral, mostrando resultados e interpretaciones generalizadas. Una veta poco estudiada es la manifestación del voto en grupos sociales con diferentes características sociales. Entonces, es necesario reflexionar el valor de las metodologías empleadas, realizar estudios de carácter desagregado del comportamiento electoral y emplear metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas en contextos que sobrepasen el voto-individuo y que las agrupe en comunidades indígenas originarias, clases sociales, organizaciones, mediante el uso de diferentes variables determinantes del voto, comparando diacrónica o sincrónicamente diferentes elecciones.
The purpose of this essay is to reflect on the relationship between social groups and electoral behavior in the context of understanding the socio-political processes in the country. Emphasis is placed on identifying the theoretical contributions of electoral behavior and scope of some research in Bolivia. In many cases the explanatory lines are characterized by highly descriptive and emphasize tell "what happened" from official electoral data, in other cases by an explanatory analysis of electoral behavior that seeks to understand the election results from one opts of why it happened what happened? It is known that studies of voting behavior in Bolivia appear strongly in the eighties, characterized by electoral geography, showing results and generalized interpretations. A vein understudied is the ma-nifestation of the vote in social groups with different social characteristics. Then, it is necessary to reflect the value of the methodologies used, studies unbundled basis of electoral behavior and use quantitative and qualitative methodologies in contexts that exceed the vote-individual and group them in original indigenous communities, social classes, organizations, by use of different variables determi-ning voting, comparing diachronic or synchronously different choices.
The purpose of this essay is to reflect on the relationship between social groups and electoral behavior in the context of understanding the socio-political processes in the country. Emphasis is placed on identifying the theoretical contributions of electoral behavior and scope of some research in Bolivia. In many cases the explanatory lines are characterized by highly descriptive and emphasize tell "what happened" from official electoral data, in other cases by an explanatory analysis of electoral behavior that seeks to understand the election results from one opts of why it happened what happened? It is known that studies of voting behavior in Bolivia appear strongly in the eighties, characterized by electoral geography, showing results and generalized interpretations. A vein understudied is the ma-nifestation of the vote in social groups with different social characteristics. Then, it is necessary to reflect the value of the methodologies used, studies unbundled basis of electoral behavior and use quantitative and qualitative methodologies in contexts that exceed the vote-individual and group them in original indigenous communities, social classes, organizations, by use of different variables determi-ning voting, comparing diachronic or synchronously different choices.
Description
No. 39