Efecto de un esquema de recuperación nutricional a domicilio en la respuesta inmunitaria y desarrollo psicomotor en niños desnutridos leves y moderados entre seis meses y cinco años de edad.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the influence of malnutrition mild / moderate in immunity, psychomotor development of children from six months to five years and the effect of nutritional recovery scheme at home. Methods: A prospective randomized comparative study conducted on 1,200 children , according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Admitted 39 children with mild and / or moderate , they were compared with 41 healthy children. Both were followed for 22 weeks. In the study group focused on food, improving the environment , stimulation. Also received supplementation with : zinc , iron, vitamin A. In case of infection was treated according to standard protocols. The control group received normal food , not supplements. Both groups were assessed by anthropometry , clinical,psychomotor development, and immunity thymus ultrasound. In both groups was conducted information, education , nutrition communication. Results: E ighty children met entry criteria, 19 children were excluded in the study group (n = 30 ) recovered a P / T at 12 weeks (95 % ), the P / E , T / E , thickness, surface thymus recovered at 22 weeks , psychomotor development did not reach the expected threshold ; infections were 2 times per child. In 83 % improved living conditions . The control group ( n = 31 ) continued to grow, with good immunity , no infection and development within expectations. Conclusions: Malnutrition mild, moderate impact on immunity, psychomotor development. His recovery is not parallel to growth. It is possible to recover at 22 weeks immunity as is later recovery psychomotor.