Estudio de la Sequía Meteorológica en Localidades de los Llanos de Venezuela Mediante el Índice de Precipitación Estandarizado
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RevActaNova.
Abstract
La sequía meteorológica representa un riesgo insidioso de la naturaleza que puede generar severas consecuencias negativas en los diversos sectores productivos y económicos de una región o país, siendo capaz de alterar drásticamente el desarrollo social y las actividades humanas, así como el medio ambiente. Bajo este razonamiento, el estudio de la situación actual de la sequía es la base sólida para la formulación de estrategias de adaptación y mitigación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la sequía meteorológica en diferentes localidades de los llanos venezolanos tomando como base la información de precipitación de tres estaciones de la red de estaciones agrometeorológicas del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA) ubicadas en los estados Anzoátegui, Guárico y Portuguesa, usando el índice de Precipitación Estandarizado (SPI), el cual permitió identificar y describir este fenómeno, precisando su intensidad, duración, magnitud y frecuencia de ocurrencia. De acuerdo a los valores de SPI reportados existe el fenómeno de la sequía meteorológica, mostrando variaciones temporales de la intensidad y magnitud. La magnitud máxima más relevante fue la registrada en El Tigre con 10,15 durante el año 2014. El evento de sequía ocurrido desde inicios del periodo pre-húmedo (abril) del 2001 a inicios (febrero y marzo) de 2002, constituye uno de los más intensos que se haya conocido en la mayoría del territorio nacional a lo largo del registro histórico.
Meteorological drought is an insidious hazard of nature that can cause severe negative consequences in the various productive and economic sectors in a region or country, being able to drastically alter the social development and human activities, as well as the environment. Under this reasoning, the study of the current situation of drought is the solid foundation for developing adaptation and mitigation strategies. The objective of this work was to study the meteorological drought in different locations of the Venezuelan planes based on information from three stations of the network weather stations of the National Institute for Agricultural Research (INIA) located in Anzoátegui, Guárico and Portuguesa states, by Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), which allowed us to identify and describe this phenomenon, including its intensity, duration, magnitude and frequency of occurrence. According to SPI values reported there is the phenomenon of meteorological drought, showing temporal variations of the intensity and magnitude. The most relevant maximum magnitude was recorded in El Tigre with 10.15 during 2014. The drought event occurred since the beginning of pre-wet period (April) 2001 at the beginning (February and March) 2002, is one of the most intense ever known in most of the country along the historical record.
Meteorological drought is an insidious hazard of nature that can cause severe negative consequences in the various productive and economic sectors in a region or country, being able to drastically alter the social development and human activities, as well as the environment. Under this reasoning, the study of the current situation of drought is the solid foundation for developing adaptation and mitigation strategies. The objective of this work was to study the meteorological drought in different locations of the Venezuelan planes based on information from three stations of the network weather stations of the National Institute for Agricultural Research (INIA) located in Anzoátegui, Guárico and Portuguesa states, by Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), which allowed us to identify and describe this phenomenon, including its intensity, duration, magnitude and frequency of occurrence. According to SPI values reported there is the phenomenon of meteorological drought, showing temporal variations of the intensity and magnitude. The most relevant maximum magnitude was recorded in El Tigre with 10.15 during 2014. The drought event occurred since the beginning of pre-wet period (April) 2001 at the beginning (February and March) 2002, is one of the most intense ever known in most of the country along the historical record.
Description
Vol. 7, No. 3