Caracterización de los factores de riesgo causantes de sepsis neonatal en un hospital público, Bolivia, 2023

Abstract

Objective. To characterize the risk factors leading to Neonatal Sepsis (NS) in neonates admitted to the "Dr. Benigno Sanchez" hospital in Quillacollo, Bolivia, during the 2023 management period. Methods. Analytical observational study, subtype cohort, prospective longitudinal. The population consisted of 175 patients, obtaining a sample of 109. Results. The proportion of early sepsis cases was 72%, representing more than double the cases of late sepsis. The age of patients with sepsis was 3 days (IQR: 2 to 8 days) and appears to be related to the type of sepsis, with lower values for early sepsis cases, P50 = 2 days (IQR: 2 to 3 days). Hospitalization for patients with sepsis was less than a week for 83% of cases and between one and two weeks for 13% of cases (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Most cases do not present an identifable risk factor (56%). When present, the most frequent are alterations in gestational age (GA) and premature rupture of membranes (PROM), with 20% and 13%, respectively. 98% of patients showed improvement upon discharge (n = 107). All cases of late sepsis resulted in improvement, and in the case of late sepsis, one case of voluntary discharge is recorded.