LOS MODELOS BIOMEDICO Y BIOPSICOSOCIAL EN MEDICINA

Abstract

Se introduce el concepto de modelos en la ciencia y práctica médicas. Se analizan dos modelos vigentes en la medicina contemporánea: el modelo "biomédico" (MBM), actualmente predominante, y el modelo bio-psico-social (MBPS), que cuestiona el reduccionismo del primero. Se revisa la historia y contenido conceptual de ambos. Se revisa la "teoría general de sistemas" como referente de ambos modelos. Se introduce el ''modelo centrado en el paciente" como práctica dialógica.

The concept of models in medical science and practice is introduced. Two current models in contemporary medicine are analyzed: the "biomedical" model (MBM), currently predominant, and the bio-psycho-social model (MBPS), which questions the reductionism of the former. The history and conceptual content of both are reviewed. The "general systems theory" is reviewed as a reference for both models. The "patient-centered model" is introduced as a dialogic practice.