Nivel de alimentación en el desempeño productivo de llamas y alpacas en los Andes del Perú
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Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.
Abstract
La subalimentación es una característica común en la crianza de camélidos en los Andes de Perú. El trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del nivel de alimentación en el desempeño productivo de llamas y alpacas en crecimiento. Se utilizaron 16 llamas (110.0 ( 10.8 kg) y 16 alpacas (56.9 ( 5.8 kg) machos de 2 años de edad, distribuidos en 4 grupos por especie, alimentados con una mezcla de heno de avena y heno de alfalfa (1:1) (94.2% materia seca, MS; 2219 kcal EM/kg MS), procesada mecánicamente a 12 mm ø y ofrecida en cuatro niveles de consumo: T1, mantenimiento; T2, intermedio bajo; T3, intermedio alto; y T4, ad libitum; correspondiente a 40, 50, 60 y 70 g MS/kg PV0.75 respectivamente, durante un periodo de 55 días. Al finalizar el experimento se registró el peso vivo y se sacrificaron los animales. La ganancia de peso vivo fue diferente entre grupos: 130.0, 121.8, 29.1, -25.5 y 47.7, 43.6, 16.4, -14.5 g/d, para llamas y alpacas, respectivamente teniendo una mejor ganancia el T4 y T3 (p < 0.05). El rendimiento de carcasa no mostro diferencia entre grupos, pero fue diferente (p < 0.05) entre especies, con 57.86% ± 0.50 y 53.96% ± 0.81, para llamas y alpacas, respectivamente. Se concluye que el nivel de alimentación tiene efecto sobre el desempeño productivo y el rendimiento de carcasa en llamas y alpacas machos de los Andes.
Undernourishment is a common feature in camelid farming in the Andes of Peru. The objective of the work was to determine the effect of feeding level on the productive performance of growing llamas and alpacas. 16 llamas (110.0 ± 10.8 kg) and 16 alpacas (56.9 ± 5.8 kg) 2-year-old males were used, distributed in 4 groups per species, fed with a mixture of oat hay and alfalfa hay (1:1). (94.2% dry matter, DM; 2219 kcal ME/kg DM), mechanically processed at 12 mm ø and offered in four consumption levels: T1, maintenance; T2, lower intermediate; T3, upper intermediate; and T4, ad libitum; corresponding to 40, 50, 60 and 70 g MS/kg LW0.75 respectively, for 55 days. At the end of the experiment, live weight was recorded and the animals were sacrificed. Live weight gain was different between groups: 130.0, 121.8, 29.1, -25.5 and 47.7, 43.6, 16.4, -14.5 g/d, for llamas and alpacas, respectively having a better gain at T4 and T3 (p < 0.05). Carcass yield showed no difference between groups, but was different (p < 0.05) between species, with 57.86% ± 0.50 and 53.96% ± 0.81, for llamas and alpacas, respectively. It is concluded that the feeding level has an effect on productive performance and carcass yield in llamas and male alpacas from the Andes.
Undernourishment is a common feature in camelid farming in the Andes of Peru. The objective of the work was to determine the effect of feeding level on the productive performance of growing llamas and alpacas. 16 llamas (110.0 ± 10.8 kg) and 16 alpacas (56.9 ± 5.8 kg) 2-year-old males were used, distributed in 4 groups per species, fed with a mixture of oat hay and alfalfa hay (1:1). (94.2% dry matter, DM; 2219 kcal ME/kg DM), mechanically processed at 12 mm ø and offered in four consumption levels: T1, maintenance; T2, lower intermediate; T3, upper intermediate; and T4, ad libitum; corresponding to 40, 50, 60 and 70 g MS/kg LW0.75 respectively, for 55 days. At the end of the experiment, live weight was recorded and the animals were sacrificed. Live weight gain was different between groups: 130.0, 121.8, 29.1, -25.5 and 47.7, 43.6, 16.4, -14.5 g/d, for llamas and alpacas, respectively having a better gain at T4 and T3 (p < 0.05). Carcass yield showed no difference between groups, but was different (p < 0.05) between species, with 57.86% ± 0.50 and 53.96% ± 0.81, for llamas and alpacas, respectively. It is concluded that the feeding level has an effect on productive performance and carcass yield in llamas and male alpacas from the Andes.
Description
Vol. 6, No. 16