Uso de la toxina botulínica tipo A en los trastornos de los músculos masticatorios: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Disorders of the masticatory muscles involve all alterations associated with the function of the masticatory system. Several treatment methods have been suggested, but there is a lack of consensus on the efficacy of the therapeutic scope. Botulinum toxin (BTX-A) is a viable option for muscle relaxation, inhibiting muscle contraction of the affected muscle. Systematic reviews in Spanish were found on the application of BTX-A in masticatory disorders but none synthesizing its use. Objective: To describe the use of BTX-A in masticatory muscle disorders. Methodology: The following sources of information were exhaustively searched: Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane, Bireme through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Elsevier via Science Direct, Springer, SerbiULA, SciELO, Redalyc and Google Academic. We included studies where the participants presented signs or symptoms of Disorders of the Masticatory Muscles and submitted to the therapeutics of the BTX-A. Results: We found 60 articles describing the use of BTX-A in masticatory muscle disorders. The use of BTX-A in masticatory disorders was confirmed and beneficial effects were demonstrated in terms of its application. However, it does not guarantee complete remission. Transient adverse effects were evidenced. Conclusions: The use of BTX-A is justified in daily clinical practice, especially in patients diagnosed with MPS, bruxism and masseter muscle hypertrophy because it is a powerful and specific.