Efecto del nivel de estrés hídrico sobre el rendimiento y la productividad del agua del frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en Melkasa, Valle Central del Rift de Etiopía
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J. Selva Andina Biosph.
Abstract
En Etiopía se llevó a cabo un experimento de campo para investigar el impacto de diferentes niveles de agua de riego sobre el rendimiento de la judía común y la productividad del agua en condiciones de recursos hídricos limitados. El experimento incluyó 7 niveles de humedad que oscilaban entre el 100 y el 35% de la evapotranspiración del cultivo. Los resultados mostraron que la producción de grano disminuía a medida que aumentaba el estrés hídrico, alcanzándose la mayor producción de grano de 3004 kg ha-1 con un 100 % de ETc y la mayor productividad del agua de 1.16 kg m-³ con un 35 % de ETc. La biomasa seca, el índice de cosecha y el peso de 1000 semillas también se vieron afectados por el estrés hídrico. Sin embargo, el rendimiento de grano obtenido con 75 % ETc no difirió significativamente de los rendimientos obtenidos con 85 o 100 % ETc. Del mismo modo, el peso de 1000 semillas y vainas por planta no difirió significativamente entre 75, 85 y 100 % ETc. La productividad del agua observada al 75 % ETc fue significativamente mayor que al 85 y 100 % ETc. Por lo tanto, el estudio sugiere que la variedad de judía común SER-119 puede regarse al 75 % de ETc para aumentar la productividad del agua sin una reducción significativa del rendimiento y de sus componentes en un entorno con estrés hídrico.
A field experiment was conducted in Ethiopia to investigate the impact of different irrigation water levels on common bean yield and water productivity under limited water resources. The experiment involved 7 moisture levels ranging from 100 to 35 % of crop evapotranspiration. The results showed that grain yield decreased as water stress increased, with the highest grain yield of 3004 kg ha-1 achieved at 100 % ETc and the highest water productivity of 1.16 kg m-³ at 35 % ETc. Dry biomass, harvest index, and 1000 seed weight were also affected by water stress. However, the grain yield obtained with 75 % ETc did not differ significantly from the yields obtained with 85 or 100 % ETc. Similarly, the weight of 1000 seeds and pods per plant did not significantly differ between 75, 85, and 100 % ETc. The water productivity observed at 75 % ETc was significantly higher than at 85 and 100% ETc. Therefore, the study suggests that the common bean variety SER-119 can be irrigated at 75 % ETc to increase water productivity without a significant reduction in yield and yield components in a water-stressed environment.
A field experiment was conducted in Ethiopia to investigate the impact of different irrigation water levels on common bean yield and water productivity under limited water resources. The experiment involved 7 moisture levels ranging from 100 to 35 % of crop evapotranspiration. The results showed that grain yield decreased as water stress increased, with the highest grain yield of 3004 kg ha-1 achieved at 100 % ETc and the highest water productivity of 1.16 kg m-³ at 35 % ETc. Dry biomass, harvest index, and 1000 seed weight were also affected by water stress. However, the grain yield obtained with 75 % ETc did not differ significantly from the yields obtained with 85 or 100 % ETc. Similarly, the weight of 1000 seeds and pods per plant did not significantly differ between 75, 85, and 100 % ETc. The water productivity observed at 75 % ETc was significantly higher than at 85 and 100% ETc. Therefore, the study suggests that the common bean variety SER-119 can be irrigated at 75 % ETc to increase water productivity without a significant reduction in yield and yield components in a water-stressed environment.
Description
Vol. 12, No. 2