ANÁLISIS DE LA LAPAROSTOMÍA CONTENIDA COMO OPCIÓN TERAPÉUTICA EN EL HOSPITAL OBRERO N°2
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Rev Cient Cienc Méd
Abstract
La laparotomía contenida o el abdomen abierto se define como la separación en planos con exposición del contenido abdominal, de forma controlada que ocurre luego de una laparotomía. Donde debemos resolver el foco, lograr la estabilidad del paciente crítico y finalmente restablecer la anatomía y función de la pared abdominal. Es un arma habitual actualmente. Con este trabajo se busca conocer la eficiencia del abdomen abierto, indicaciones más frecuentes y características del paciente. Se realizo un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, cuantitativo y de corte transversal, realizado en los pacientes que fueron sometidos a laparostomía contenida en el Hospital Obrero N°2, de la Caja Nacional de Salud de Cochabamba - Bolivia durante el Periodo 2018-2022. Se realizaron intervenciones quirúrgicas con abdomen abierto en un total de 168 pacientes, de los cuales 81 pacientes entraron al estudio, la apendicitis aguda complicada es la causa más frecuente por aproximadamente el 21%, el hemoperitoneo fue la 2da causa más frecuente con 13.5%, siendo los pacientes post operados de colecistectomía programada los más habituales (Packing hepático). El promedio de aseos quirúrgicos realizados por paciente fueron 3. El grupo etario más frecuente fue entre 61 y 80 años con un 56%. Prevalece en el sexo masculino. El 30 % de los pacientes fallecieron, Dejando en evidencia que en el restante el resultado fue favorable o al menos le permitió al paciente tener otra oportunidad.
Contained laparotomy or open abdomen is defined as the separation in planes with exposure of the abdominal content, in a controlled manner that occurs after a laparotomy. Where we must resolve the focus, achieve the stability of the critical patient and finally restore the anatomy and function of the abdominal wall. It is a common weapon today.This work seeks to know the efficiency of the open abdomen, most frequent indications and patient characteristics. A descriptive, retrospective, quantitative and cross-sectional study was carried out on patients who underwent contained laparostomy at Hospital Obrero N°2, of the National Health Fund of Cochabamba - Bolivia during the period 2018-2022. Open abdominal surgery was performed in a total of 168 patients, of which 81 patients entered the study. Complicated acute appendicitis was the most frequent cause, approximately 21%, hemoperitoneum was the second most frequent cause, 13.5%, and patients who had undergone scheduled cholecystectomy were the most common (liver packing). The average number of surgical procedures performed per patient was 3. The most frequent age group was between 61 and 80 years, with 56%. It was prevalent in the male sex. 30% of the patients died, showing that in the remainder the result was favorable or at least allowed the patient to have another opportunity.
Contained laparotomy or open abdomen is defined as the separation in planes with exposure of the abdominal content, in a controlled manner that occurs after a laparotomy. Where we must resolve the focus, achieve the stability of the critical patient and finally restore the anatomy and function of the abdominal wall. It is a common weapon today.This work seeks to know the efficiency of the open abdomen, most frequent indications and patient characteristics. A descriptive, retrospective, quantitative and cross-sectional study was carried out on patients who underwent contained laparostomy at Hospital Obrero N°2, of the National Health Fund of Cochabamba - Bolivia during the period 2018-2022. Open abdominal surgery was performed in a total of 168 patients, of which 81 patients entered the study. Complicated acute appendicitis was the most frequent cause, approximately 21%, hemoperitoneum was the second most frequent cause, 13.5%, and patients who had undergone scheduled cholecystectomy were the most common (liver packing). The average number of surgical procedures performed per patient was 3. The most frequent age group was between 61 and 80 years, with 56%. It was prevalent in the male sex. 30% of the patients died, showing that in the remainder the result was favorable or at least allowed the patient to have another opportunity.
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Vol. 27, No. 1