Persistencia del maltrato en estudiantes y médicos residentes de México: análisis y propuestas de soluciones

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence and underlying causes of mistreatment of medical students and residents in Mexico. The available evidence indicates that this phenomenon represents a critical and persistent problem with an alarmingly high prevalence, affecting a substantial proportion of future healthcare professionals. Beyond being merely an ethical or human resources concern, mistreatment constitutes a systemic public health crisis, as its direct consequences adversely affect trainees' mental health and, critically, the quality and safety of patient care. This behavior is perpetuated by a deeply entrenched hierarchical and punitive medical culture that normalizes abuse as a "rite of passage." Although laws and regulations aimed at addressing this issue exist, their enforcement remains ineffective due to institutional barriers and fear of retaliation. This analysis concludes by presenting a comprehensive reform plan that advocates for a multi-stakeholder approach, including revision of the regulatory framework, establishment of safe reporting mechanisms, promotion of a profound cultural shift, and prioritization of trainees' mental health.