Metodologias de enseñanza universitaria: un reto para el docente universitario
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Rev. Cien. Tec. In.
Abstract
El presente trabajo, hace hincapié al quehacer del docente universitario. Detallamo diferentes metodologías implementadas para la Educación Superior que promueven una organización horizontal y que a la vez se convierte en nuevos retos de enseñanza integradas en el siglo XXI. El objetivo es presentar los resultados de una revisión de publicaciones en torno a las metodologías de enseñanza que se utilizan actualmente en el ámbito universitario y su repercusión en el aprendizaje y formación profesional del estudiante. Materiales y métodos es una investigación teórico descriptiva, centrado en el análisis documental, se acudió a fuentes primarias, consultando las bases de datos SciELO, Scopus, Redalyc. Dialnet y el buscador Gloogle Académico, se pudo evidenciar 24 trabajos de investigación entre artículos científicos e informes de Tesis, se realizó un análisis global, se formularon las conclusiones como también algunas recomendaciones. Resultados, se exponen diversas metodologías de enseñanza universitaria, como ser el método pedagógico del aprendizaje basado en problemas, método basado en proyectos, la clase invertida, aprendizaje colaborativo y el escape Room, en cada uno de los métodos se resalta las cualidades que debe tener el profesor universitario como: claridad en las explicaciones, comunicación eficaz y compromiso docente. Discusión por lo expuesto en los puntos anteriores se llega a la reflexión de que las diferentes alternativas metodológicas de enseñanza que se proponen, muchas son viables y disponibles, pero exigen el compromiso de querer llevarlos a la práctica.
This paper emphasizes the work of the university lecturer. Thus, here it is presented different methodologies implemented for Higher Education. Methodologies based on a horizontal organization promotion, which at the same time, may become new integrated teaching challenges in the XXI century. This paper also aims at presenting results based on previous publications reviews on the teaching methodologies currently used in the university environment as well as their impact on student learning and professional training. Materials and methods considered as a descriptive theoretical research, focused on documentary analysis. In addition, primary sources were used, consulting the databases SciELO, Scopus, Redalyc, Dialnet and the Academic Google search. In total, 24 research works between scientific articles and Thesis reports were evidenced. It was also made a global analysis and finally, conclusions as well as some recommendations were formulated. Results, several university teaching methodologies are presented herewith, such as the pedagogical method of problem-based learning, the project-based method, the inverted class, collaborative learning and the escape room, each method highlights the qualities that the university lecturer must have when teaching such as: clarity in explanations, effective communication and teaching commitment. Discussion, based what has been stated in the points above, they allow us to reflect that the different teaching methodological alternatives proposed here, are viable and available, but they require the professors' commitment of implementing them into practice.
This paper emphasizes the work of the university lecturer. Thus, here it is presented different methodologies implemented for Higher Education. Methodologies based on a horizontal organization promotion, which at the same time, may become new integrated teaching challenges in the XXI century. This paper also aims at presenting results based on previous publications reviews on the teaching methodologies currently used in the university environment as well as their impact on student learning and professional training. Materials and methods considered as a descriptive theoretical research, focused on documentary analysis. In addition, primary sources were used, consulting the databases SciELO, Scopus, Redalyc, Dialnet and the Academic Google search. In total, 24 research works between scientific articles and Thesis reports were evidenced. It was also made a global analysis and finally, conclusions as well as some recommendations were formulated. Results, several university teaching methodologies are presented herewith, such as the pedagogical method of problem-based learning, the project-based method, the inverted class, collaborative learning and the escape room, each method highlights the qualities that the university lecturer must have when teaching such as: clarity in explanations, effective communication and teaching commitment. Discussion, based what has been stated in the points above, they allow us to reflect that the different teaching methodological alternatives proposed here, are viable and available, but they require the professors' commitment of implementing them into practice.
Description
Vol. 20, No. 26