Prevalencia de afecciones musculoesqueléticas y factores asociados en adultos mayores en una Fundación de Duran
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Vive Rev. Salud
Abstract
Las afecciones musculoesqueléticas comprenden trastornos degenerativos que aparecen principalmente en personas de edad avanzada, deteriorando significativamente la salud, debido a que están relacionadas con dolor muscular u óseo, alteraciones del movimiento, mayor riesgo de caídas, fracturas y capacidad alterada para realizar las actividades del diario vivir. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de afecciones musculo esqueléticas y factores asociados en el adulto mayor que asistieron a la Fundación. Metodología. Con enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, no experimental y retrospectivo. Los instrumentos a utilizar incluyeron el dinamómetro, índice de masa corporal y la antropometría. Resultados. se determinó que la prevalencia de las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas fue del 59%, de los cuales, la artrosis de rodilla fue la más común con una prevalencia del 90%, asociados con un índice de masa corporal elevado con un valor mayor a 25 kg/m2 y una fuerza muscular disminuida con un valor menor a 28.2 kg para los hombres y menor a 15.4 kg para las mujeres. En contraste, las medidas antropométricas fueron normales, con valores mayor o igual a 31 cm para la circunferencia de la pantorrilla y mayor o igual a 22 cm para la circunferencia del brazo. Conclusión. Existe una alta prevalencia de alteraciones musculoesqueléticas, El sobrepeso y la debilidad muscular fueron los únicos factores asociados.
Musculoskeletal disorders include degenerative disorders that appear mainly in elderly people, significantly deteriorating their health, because they are related to muscle or bone pain, movement disorders, increased risk of falls, fractures and impaired ability to perform daily activities. Objective. To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and associated factors in older adults attending the Fundación. Methodology. With a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental and retrospective approach. The instruments to be used included the dynamometer, body mass index and anthropometry. Results. It was determined that the prevalence of musculoskeletal alterations was 59%, of which knee osteoarthritis was the most common with a prevalence of 90%, associated with an elevated body mass index with a value greater than 25 kg/m2 and decreased muscle strength with a value of less than 28.2 kg for men and less than 15.4 kg for women. In contrast, anthropometric measurements were normal, with values greater than or equal to 31 cm for calf circumference and greater than or equal to 22 cm for arm circumference. Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal alterations. Overweight and muscle weakness were the only associated factors
Musculoskeletal disorders include degenerative disorders that appear mainly in elderly people, significantly deteriorating their health, because they are related to muscle or bone pain, movement disorders, increased risk of falls, fractures and impaired ability to perform daily activities. Objective. To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and associated factors in older adults attending the Fundación. Methodology. With a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental and retrospective approach. The instruments to be used included the dynamometer, body mass index and anthropometry. Results. It was determined that the prevalence of musculoskeletal alterations was 59%, of which knee osteoarthritis was the most common with a prevalence of 90%, associated with an elevated body mass index with a value greater than 25 kg/m2 and decreased muscle strength with a value of less than 28.2 kg for men and less than 15.4 kg for women. In contrast, anthropometric measurements were normal, with values greater than or equal to 31 cm for calf circumference and greater than or equal to 22 cm for arm circumference. Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal alterations. Overweight and muscle weakness were the only associated factors
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Vol. 5, No. 13