La contribución de los bosques tropicales a la mitigación del cambio climático. Las técnicas de estimación de la biomasa, una herramienta necesaria para su evaluación
Abstract
El cambio climático es un problema global provocado principalmente por la actividad humana, como la quema de combustibles fósiles y la deforestación. Este fenómeno se manifiesta a través de indicadores como inundaciones, aumento del nivel del mar y estrés hídrico. Los ecosistemas forestales tropicales juegan un papel crucial en la mitigación del cambio climático a través de la fotosíntesis, almacenando grandes cantidades de carbono en su biomasa aérea. Para estimar la biomasa aérea y subterránea en estos ecosistemas, se utilizan 2 métodos: destructivo y no destructivo. La biomasa aérea representa la mayor parte de la biomasa total, y la biomasa subterránea se estima a partir de la biomasa aérea del bosque. El carbono constituye aproximadamente el 50 % de la biomasa seca de los ecosistemas forestales. Además, se han desarrollado diferentes ecuaciones alométricas para estimar la biomasa y el volumen de los árboles en función de sus características. En resumen, las reservas de carbono de los ecosistemas forestales se encuentran tanto en su parte aérea como en la subterránea.
Climate change is a global problem caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This leads to indicators of climate change like increased flooding, sea level rise, and water stress. Tropical forests play a crucial role in mitigating climate change through photosynthesis, storing large amounts of carbon in their biomass. Two methods, destructive and non-destructive, are commonly used to estimate the biomass of tropical forests. There are five components of biomass in these ecosystems, with most of it found aboveground. Belowground biomass is estimated based on aboveground biomass. About 50 % of the dry biomass in forest ecosystems is carbon. Allometric equations are used to estimate biomass and volume based on tree diameter and height. Different equations have been developed for different species and locations. Carbon stocks in forest ecosystems are present in both aboveground and belowground parts.
Climate change is a global problem caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This leads to indicators of climate change like increased flooding, sea level rise, and water stress. Tropical forests play a crucial role in mitigating climate change through photosynthesis, storing large amounts of carbon in their biomass. Two methods, destructive and non-destructive, are commonly used to estimate the biomass of tropical forests. There are five components of biomass in these ecosystems, with most of it found aboveground. Belowground biomass is estimated based on aboveground biomass. About 50 % of the dry biomass in forest ecosystems is carbon. Allometric equations are used to estimate biomass and volume based on tree diameter and height. Different equations have been developed for different species and locations. Carbon stocks in forest ecosystems are present in both aboveground and belowground parts.
Description
Vol. 12, No. 2