Efectos de los analgésicos antiinflamatorios no esteroideos en la oseointegración de los implantes dentales. Revisión de Alcance

Abstract

The purpose of this Scoping Review of the literature was to determine whether the postoperative or chronic administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics drugs (NSAIDs) decreases the osseointegration of dental implants. An electronic literature review was made using the Medline (PubMed) and Science Direct databases, selecting articles between January 2006 and January 2018. The keywords used were: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), osseointegration, dental im- plants. The inclusion criteria included research on the effects of NSAIDs on the osseointegration of dental implants in animals, in humans and retrospective studies. The search yielded 868 articles of which 11 were selected. The retrospective studies showed discrepancies since they showed an association between the preoperative ingestion of NSAIDs and the failure of osseointegration as well a tendency to increase the bone crest around an implant with the consumption of NSAIDs. The studies in animals showed that the activity of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) plays an essential role in osseointegration, so the specific inhibitors of COX-2 could be avoided preoperatively and postoperatively. The administration of ibuprofen did not affect the healing of dental implants and could be administered as postoperative medication in doses of 600 mg, 4 times a day for a week. It was also shown that the administration of aspirin produced no adverse effects and could increase the osseointe- gration rate. However, NSAIDs administered chronically could cause a negative effect on osseointegration.