Eficacia de la terapia ABA en adaptación dental de paciente con TEA, reporte de caso.

Abstract

Introduction: Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA “Applied Behavior Analysis”) is a therapy focused on the analysis and modification of human behavior. The procedures are based on the principles of behavior through systematic experimentation. It is frequently applied in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Objective: Demonstrate the efficacy of ABA therapy in the dental care of a patient with ASD. Case report: Signed informed consent. 21-year-old male patient with ASD, permanent dentition, generalized gingivitis, dental calculus, high cariogenic risk. Patient under ABA therapy since he was 6 years old. The supragingival scaling was performed via ultrasound. Conclusion: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of ASD is 1 out of 160 children worldwide. The main problem faced when treating patients with ASD is difficulty in establishing communication. Their oral health is often neglected due to a shortage of specialized dentists. ABA therapy is evidence-based. It is frequently used in these cases as it helps patients to cope better with the procedures. The basic techniques currently used in dentistry are not effective in managing the behavior of people with ASD during simple procedures in the dental office. The integration of ABA therapy to dental treatment increases the probability that patients will accept procedures and reduces the need to use approach techniques such as sedation and general anesthesia.