El exceso de cobre inhibe el crecimiento de Bidens pilosa en condiciones de laboratorio
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Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.
Abstract
Las especies vegetales pueden presentar problemas de toxicidad debido al exceso de sales minerales presentes en el suelo, en especial los micronutrientes, que causan alteraciones en su crecimiento y desarrollo. Las asteráceas, como Bidens pilosa, toleran elevados niveles de metales pesados en comparación con otros grupos taxonómicos, por ese motivo se investigó el efecto del exceso de cobre sobre su crecimiento y como se relaciona con su índice de translocación. Para ello se expusieron las plántulas a diferentes concentraciones de cobre y se evaluó su crecimiento y almacenamiento en hojas y raíces. Fueron tres los tratamientos utilizados (T1: 0 uM, T2: 50 uM y T3: 100 uM) con tres repeticiones por tratamiento y acondicionadas en un sistema hidropónico al cual se agregó el medio nutritivo de Hoagland modificado, diluido a la tercera parte de su concentración normal. Los resultados muestran que cuando las concentraciones de cobre van en aumento, se presentó inhibición en la longitud del tallo y la raíz y también disminución en el peso fresco y peso seco; sin embargo, el número de hojas permanece constante. Además, se observó clorosis y necrosis leve para T2 y T3, y es la raíz el órgano que tiene mayor concentración de cobre en T3. El coeficiente de extracción y el índice de producción relativa disminuyen, pero el índice de Translocación (IT) aumenta según aumenta la concentración del cobre. Se concluye que a mayor concentración de cobre se inhibe el crecimiento de la especie vegetal, pero aumenta IT.
Plant species can present toxicity problems due to the excess of mineral salts present in the soil, especially micronutrients, which cause alterations in their growth and development. Asteraceae, such as Bidens pilosa, tolerate high levels of heavy metals compared to other taxonomic groups, for this reason, the effect of excess copper on their growth and how it relates to their translocation index was investigated. For this, the seedlings were exposed to different concentrations of copper and their growth and storage in leaves and roots were evaluated. Three treatments were used (T1: 0 uM, T2: 50 uM and T3: 100 uM) with three repetitions per treatment and conditioned in a hydroponic system to which the modified Hoagland nutrient medium was added, diluted to a third of its normal concentration. The results show that when the copper concentrations increase, there is inhibition in the length of the stem and root and also a decrease in the fresh weight and dry weight; however, the number of leaves remains constant. In addition, mild chlorosis and necrosis were observed for T2 and T3, and the root is the organ that has the highest concentration of copper in T3. The extraction coefficient and the relative production index decrease, but the Translocation Index (TI) increases as the copper concentration increases. It is concluded that a higher concentration of copper inhibits the growth of the plant species, but increases IT.
Plant species can present toxicity problems due to the excess of mineral salts present in the soil, especially micronutrients, which cause alterations in their growth and development. Asteraceae, such as Bidens pilosa, tolerate high levels of heavy metals compared to other taxonomic groups, for this reason, the effect of excess copper on their growth and how it relates to their translocation index was investigated. For this, the seedlings were exposed to different concentrations of copper and their growth and storage in leaves and roots were evaluated. Three treatments were used (T1: 0 uM, T2: 50 uM and T3: 100 uM) with three repetitions per treatment and conditioned in a hydroponic system to which the modified Hoagland nutrient medium was added, diluted to a third of its normal concentration. The results show that when the copper concentrations increase, there is inhibition in the length of the stem and root and also a decrease in the fresh weight and dry weight; however, the number of leaves remains constant. In addition, mild chlorosis and necrosis were observed for T2 and T3, and the root is the organ that has the highest concentration of copper in T3. The extraction coefficient and the relative production index decrease, but the Translocation Index (TI) increases as the copper concentration increases. It is concluded that a higher concentration of copper inhibits the growth of the plant species, but increases IT.
Description
Vol. 6, No. 16