Perfil de Sensibilización a Alergenos Inhalantes y Alimentarios en Pacientes del Instituto de Inmunología Clínica del Estado Mérida-Venezuela

Abstract

Las enfermedades alergicas son patologias inflamatorias producidas por la exposicion a alergenos especificos. Su prevalencia ha aumentado en los ultimos anos, sin embargo en Merida no existen reportes donde se identifiquen los alergenos desencadenantes mas frecuentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el perfil de sensibilizacion en pacientes alergicos del Instituto de Inmunologia Clinica (IDIC) del Estado Merida-Venezuela entre enero 2006 y diciembre 2013. Se realizo un estudio observacional descriptivo, con datos de pruebas cutaneas realizadas por el metodo de puncion (prick) con panel de extractos ALK Abello, doce alergenos inhalantes y 12 alimentarios. De las 635 pruebas registradas, pertenecian a pacientes de la consulta pediatrica ( =18 (65%). Our work shows that 484 (76,2%) were positive to allergy any allergic diseases, 39% were pediatric patients and 61% were adult patients. Aeroallergens were the most common triggering allergens, and mites such as Der f 80,5 %, Der p 76%, Blo t 71,4%, were the most frequently, followed by cockroaches and dog allergens. The most common triggering food allergens was shrimp was shrimp 14, 2% followed by fish, peanuts, chicken, gliadin and cow’s milk. The prevalence of diagnosis outpatient consultation were urticaria/angioedema 43,9%, rhinitis 40,2%, asthma 23%,1%, atopic dermatitis 20,7%, asthma and rhinitis 15,8% and others 4,8%. No statistically, relationship between diagnosis and allergens, was found. The identification of the sensitization profile in our allergic population allows us collect the allergens to be used in the panel test, the indication of the environment control measures, the diet elimination, and immunotherapy