MODELOS DE ESTIMACIÓN DE LA RADIACIÓN SOLAR PARA EL ALTIPLANO CENTRAL DE BOLIVIA
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Abstract
En este trabajo se validan los modelos de estimación de radiación solar de Bristow Campbell (BC) y de Hargreaves-Samani (HS) con datos recientes obtenidos de una estación meteorológica automática instalada en la sub-sede de la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés en la localidad de Patacamaya (17º15′S, 68º48′W y 3890 msnm) durante el periodo agosto 2010 hasta julio 2012. Dicha validación tiene como objetivo aplicar estos métodos a la evaluación de nuestro recurso solar en la extensa geografía del altiplano central boliviano. Se eligió los modelos BC y HS por la simplicidad requerida en los datos de entrada, i.e., temperatura máxima y mínima diarias, que son dos de los datos que generalmente registran todas las estaciones del Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología y otras instituciones públicas y privadas. Las constantes físicas que se emplean en estos métodos han sido evaluadas a partir de las expresiones generales de astronomía solar. Para fines de aplicación práctica se presenta un grafico para estimaciones inmediatas de la radiación solar extraterrestre para cada mes del año y para latitudes que delimitan aproximadamente la región altiplánica aplicable. Los resultados alcanzados en cuanto a la precisión del modelo están comprendidos entre los que se aceptan generalmente tomando en cuenta la reducida cantidad de datos. La transmitancia atmosférica evaluada de 0.166 para nuestra región altiplánica concuerda plenamente con los valores referidos en la extensa literatura técnica de aplicación de estos modelos.
We validate the Bristow Campbell (BC) y de Hargreaves-Samani (HS) estimation models for solar radiation with recent data obtained from the meteorological station located in the Universidad Mayor de San Andrés facilities at Patacamaya (17º15′S, 68º48′W y 3890 a.s.l.) for the August 2010 to July 2012 period. The purpose of this validation was to apply these methods to evaluate the solar resources in the central Bolivian Plateau. We chose the BC and HS methods because of the easiness in the input required data, i.e., maximum and minimum daily temperatures, which are the commonly registered data in all the stations of the Meteorology and Hydrology National Service, as well as in other public and private institutions. The physical constants used in these methods were evaluated from the general expressions of the solar astronomy. For a practical purpose we present a plot of the immediate extraterrestrial solar radiation for each month and for the relevant latitudes in the Plateau region. The results (considering the precision of the model) are among those that are commonly accepted given the scarce data. The result of this work for the atmosphere transmitance is 0.166, which is consistent with the referred values in the technical literature for the Bolivian Plateau region.
We validate the Bristow Campbell (BC) y de Hargreaves-Samani (HS) estimation models for solar radiation with recent data obtained from the meteorological station located in the Universidad Mayor de San Andrés facilities at Patacamaya (17º15′S, 68º48′W y 3890 a.s.l.) for the August 2010 to July 2012 period. The purpose of this validation was to apply these methods to evaluate the solar resources in the central Bolivian Plateau. We chose the BC and HS methods because of the easiness in the input required data, i.e., maximum and minimum daily temperatures, which are the commonly registered data in all the stations of the Meteorology and Hydrology National Service, as well as in other public and private institutions. The physical constants used in these methods were evaluated from the general expressions of the solar astronomy. For a practical purpose we present a plot of the immediate extraterrestrial solar radiation for each month and for the relevant latitudes in the Plateau region. The results (considering the precision of the model) are among those that are commonly accepted given the scarce data. The result of this work for the atmosphere transmitance is 0.166, which is consistent with the referred values in the technical literature for the Bolivian Plateau region.
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Vol. 23, No. 23