La distinción entre disposición y norma: hacia una comprensión de las sentencias interpretativas y el objeto del control de constitucionalidad
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Rev Cien Cult
Abstract
La emergencia de las sentencias interpretativas en el concierto de la jurisprudencia constitucional comparada constituye una muestra clara de cómo los máximos intérpretes de la Constitución se fueron alejando del paradigma del "legislador negativo", articulado en su momento como fundamento teórico de su ubicación y funciones por Hans Kelsen. El recurso a esta categoría de pronunciamientos conocidos como "unilaterales" (dentro de los que se encuentran las sentencias manipulativas, aditivas, sustitutivas, etc.) les costó a los custodios de la Constitución más de una crítica, siendo la principal la que los configura como legisladores positivos, debido a que la sentencia constitucional interpretativa no se limita a suprimir el precepto legal declarado inconstitucional, sino que además crea e innova Derecho, invadiendo con ello las funciones del Poder Legislativo. Empero, estas acusaciones hacia el Tribunal Constitucional podrían no ser fundadas, y para desmitificar estos conceptos es que el presente artículo ahonda en el análisis de la diferenciación entre los términos disposición y norma, necesaria para comprender la real dimensión y alcance de los fallos hermenéuticos asumidos por el TC en oportunidad de ejercer el control de constitucionalidad de la ley.
The compared constitutional caselaw reveals that the interpretive judgments are clear examples of the manner the constitutional courts were taking away from the 'negative legislator's paradigm', just as Hans Kelsen articulated it as its theoretical foundation. This category of pronouncements, known as "unilateral" (comprising manipulative, additive, substitutive decisions), caused the custodians of the Constitution brought them more than one criticism, mainly because they were configuring themselves as positive legislators, given the fact that the constitutional interpretive rulings do not only suppress unconstitutional legal precepts, but create and/or innovate law. Nevertheless, these allegations toward the Constitutional Court (TC) may be unfounded. In order to clarify these concepts, the author deepens about the differentiation between the terms disposition and norm, which is necessary to understand the real dimension and scope of the hermeneutic shortcomings assumed by the TC in opportunity of exercising the control of constitutionality of the law.
The compared constitutional caselaw reveals that the interpretive judgments are clear examples of the manner the constitutional courts were taking away from the 'negative legislator's paradigm', just as Hans Kelsen articulated it as its theoretical foundation. This category of pronouncements, known as "unilateral" (comprising manipulative, additive, substitutive decisions), caused the custodians of the Constitution brought them more than one criticism, mainly because they were configuring themselves as positive legislators, given the fact that the constitutional interpretive rulings do not only suppress unconstitutional legal precepts, but create and/or innovate law. Nevertheless, these allegations toward the Constitutional Court (TC) may be unfounded. In order to clarify these concepts, the author deepens about the differentiation between the terms disposition and norm, which is necessary to understand the real dimension and scope of the hermeneutic shortcomings assumed by the TC in opportunity of exercising the control of constitutionality of the law.
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Vol. 19, No. 35