Evaluation of knowledge in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using the dkq-24 questionnaire

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a significant impact on the health and economy of countries. Its proper management depends on patients’ knowledge about the disease and their involvement in self-care, making it necessary to design educational strategies aimed at optimizing metabolic control, preventing complications, improving treatment adherence, and enhancing quality of life. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge about T2DM in patients attending the Center for Diabetes Care and Prevention (CAPD) in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 24. Method: An observational, descriptive, and analytical cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted among 104 patients diagnosed with T2DM. The DKQ-24, an internationally validated questionnaire, was applied by the researcher in a controlled setting. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests. Results: A total of 59.76% of participants showed an intermediate level of knowledge, 25.61% an adequate level, and 14.63% an inadequate level. Misconceptions were identified regarding the etiology of diabetes, insulin production, and glucose monitoring. No significant differences were found in the level of knowledge according to sex or age. Conclusions: Although most patients demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge about T2DM, conceptual errors persist that may affect self-care. The need to implement structured educational strategies to improve knowledge, optimize treatment adherence, and reduce complications is highlighted.