Factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones por Acinetobacter baumannii en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos
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Gac Med Bol
Abstract
El Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) es un germen nosocomial, multiresistente, afecta especialmente a pacientes críticamente enfermos, contribuyendo en la mortalidad; su impacto en nuestro medio es desconocido. Objetivos: el presente estudio pretende determinar la incidencia de infección por Ab y los principales factores de riesgo asociados. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, de tipo caso y control en 257 niños internados en la UTIP del Hospital del Niño Manuel Ascencio Villarroel. Resultados: encontrándose 4 brotes a lo largo del año y una incidencia de 7,8/100 internados; el germen fue aislado en superficies inanimadas, no así en el personal. Se evidenciaron los siguientes factores de riesgo tras 10 días de exposición: Días de internación en UTIP (OR=10,09; p=0,000), uso de ventilador mecánico (OR=15,75; p=0,000), intubación endotraqueal (OR=17,09; p=0,000), catéter urinario (OR=11,9; p=0,000), catéter venoso central (OR=12,9; p=0,000), catéter venoso periférico (OR=14,2; p=0,000), sonda naso u orogástrico (OR=13; p=0,000). La mortalidad observada no varía significativamente de la mortalidad general. Conclusiones: concluimos que el Ab es el principal agente bacteriano nosocomial en la UTIP, la estancia prolongada en el servicio, y los días de invasividad aumentan el riesgo de adquirir este germen; se requieren medidas de control de los brotes para disminuir su incidencia.
Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is a nosocomial, multiresistent pathogen, affecting especially critically ill patients, leading to mortality; is unknown its impact in our hospital. Objectives: this study pretends to determinate infection incidence of Ab and its risk factors associated. Methods: it was performed an observational, case and control study, in 257 children admitted to Manuel Ascencio Villarroel Children Hospital; we found 4 spreads in a year, the incidence was 7,8/100 of admitted patients. Ab was isolated in environmental cultures, but was not found in personal cultures. Results: we found following risk factors after 10 days exposure: PICU days internship (OR=10,09; p=0,000), mechanical ventilation (OR=15,75; p=0,000), endothacheal tube (OR=17,09; p=0,000), urinary catheter (OR=11,9; p=0,000), central venous catheter (OR=12,9; p=0,000), peripherical venous catheter (OR=14,2; p=0,000), oro or nasogastric catheter (OR=13; p=0,000); mortality found associated to Ab was similar to the found in the control group Conclusions: we concluded that Ab is the most frequent pathogen isolated in our PICU, prolonged stay and invasive methods increase risk to be infected by this pathogen; control measures are necessary to decrease its incidence.
Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is a nosocomial, multiresistent pathogen, affecting especially critically ill patients, leading to mortality; is unknown its impact in our hospital. Objectives: this study pretends to determinate infection incidence of Ab and its risk factors associated. Methods: it was performed an observational, case and control study, in 257 children admitted to Manuel Ascencio Villarroel Children Hospital; we found 4 spreads in a year, the incidence was 7,8/100 of admitted patients. Ab was isolated in environmental cultures, but was not found in personal cultures. Results: we found following risk factors after 10 days exposure: PICU days internship (OR=10,09; p=0,000), mechanical ventilation (OR=15,75; p=0,000), endothacheal tube (OR=17,09; p=0,000), urinary catheter (OR=11,9; p=0,000), central venous catheter (OR=12,9; p=0,000), peripherical venous catheter (OR=14,2; p=0,000), oro or nasogastric catheter (OR=13; p=0,000); mortality found associated to Ab was similar to the found in the control group Conclusions: we concluded that Ab is the most frequent pathogen isolated in our PICU, prolonged stay and invasive methods increase risk to be infected by this pathogen; control measures are necessary to decrease its incidence.
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Vol. 39, No. 1